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H and N Lecture > Head and neck anatomy- Trigeminal Nerve, exam 3. > Flashcards

Head and neck anatomy- Trigeminal Nerve, exam 3. Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two modalities of the trigeminal nerve

A

somatic motor and somatic sensory

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2
Q

what are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve

A

opthalmic nerve (V1), maxillary nerve (V2), and mandibular nerve (V3)

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3
Q

which branches of the trigeminal nerve are purely sensory

A

opthalmic nerve and maxillary nerve

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4
Q

which branch of the trigeminal nerve is both sensory and motor

A

mandibular nerve

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5
Q

where does v3 pass through

A

foramen ovale

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6
Q

where does V3 do its branching

A

infratemporal fossa

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7
Q

where are all of the somatic sensory cell bodies for the trigeminal nerve

A

trigeminal ganglion

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8
Q

somatic motor axons ____ through the trigeminal ganglion

A

pass

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9
Q

when does the mandibular nerve branch

A

immediately after passing through the foramen ovale

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10
Q

what does the dural branch do

A

sensory to meninges (stays inside of head)

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11
Q

where does the ariculotemporal nerve travel

A

comes out of the infratemporal fossa posteriorly

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12
Q

is the ariculotemporal nerve motor, sensory, or both

A

sensory

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13
Q

what is the function of the ariculotemporal nerve

A

primary sensory for TMJ, skin on front half of external ear, part of ear drum, and a patch of skin on the side of the scalp

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14
Q

what branches off of the ariculotemporal nerve

A

the parotid gland’s sensory innervation

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15
Q

are the nerves of muscles to mastication sensory, motor, or both

A

mostly motor but one is a mixed nerve (masseter)

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16
Q

is the buccal nerve sensory, motor, or both

A

sensory

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17
Q

what is the function of the buccal nerve

A

sensory to full thickness of cheek (buccal mucosa and skin of cheek)

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18
Q

is the lingual nerve sensory, motor, or both

A

sensory

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19
Q

what is the function of the lingual nerve

A

somatic sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue, lingual gingiva, and mucosa and floor of mouth

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20
Q

is the inferior alveolar nerve sensory, motor, or both

A

both

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21
Q

how can you distinguish lingual nerve from inferior alveolar nerve in an image

A

lingual nerve is anterior to inferior alveolar nerve

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22
Q

What is the function of the inferior alveolar nerve

A

sensory: mandibular teeth
motor: nerve to mylohyoid branch which supplies the anterior suprahyoid muscle

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23
Q

is the mental nerve sensory, motor, or both

A

sensory

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24
Q

what is the function of the mental nerve

A

supplies gingiva of anterior teeth, skin of chin ,and full thickness of lower lip

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25
Q

what dermatome area does the ariculotemporal nerve supply

A

skin and scalp of the side of the head and front half of the external ear

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26
Q

what dermatome area does the buccal nerve supply

A

cheeck

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27
Q

what dermatome area does the mental nerve supply

A

chin and lower lip

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28
Q

where is the dermatome boundary between V1 and V2

A

eye lids

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29
Q

where is the dermatome boundary between V2 and V3

A

lips

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30
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

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31
Q

what are other muscles besides the muscles of mastication that are innervated by V3

A

tensory tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, and anterior digastric

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32
Q

what is the sensory component to the masseter nerve

A

supplies part of the TMJ that the ariculotemporal nerve doesn’t

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33
Q

what innervates the mylohyoid and anterior digastric muscles

A

the nerve to mylohyoid

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34
Q

which muscle forms the floor of the infratemporal fossa

A

the medial pterygoid

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35
Q

what other nerve (not a part of V3) is found in the infratemporal fossa

A

posterior superior alveolar nerve (V2) and the chorda tympani (part of facial nerve)

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35
Q

what kind of nerve is the inferior alveolar nerve after the nerve to mylohyoid branches off

A

sensory only

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36
Q

the lingual nerve is joined by which other nerve

A

the chorda tympani (part of CN VII)

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37
Q

why is the pterygoid plexus important to pay attention to

A

when giving injections it is possible to tear the veins and cause a hematoma

38
Q

where is light touch interpreted

39
Q

what is important to remember when doing sensory testing

A

be sure to test each dermatome and the right and left separately

40
Q

where should you sensory test V1
above eyebrow

A

above eyebrow

41
Q

where should you sensory test V2

A

under the eyelid

42
Q

where shoudl you sensory test V3

A

below the corner of the mouth

43
Q

elevation

A

closing jaw

44
Q

depression

A

opening jaw

45
Q

Retrusion

A

position of the mandible posterior from the centric position as related to the maxilla

46
Q

protrusion

A

sticking mandible out

47
Q

Right lateral excursion

A

shifting mandible to the right

48
Q

Left lateral excursion

A

shifting mandible to the left

49
Q

temporalis insertion

A

coronoid process of mandible

50
Q

temporalis origin

A

inferior temporal line

51
Q

the brain uses parts of the temporalis muscle______

A

independently

52
Q

what is the function of the superior temporal line

A

attachment for connective tissue that covers the temporalis muscle

53
Q

masseter origin

A

zygomatic arch

54
Q

masseter insertion

A

lateral surface and angle of mandibular ramus

55
Q

masseter muscle function
elevates mandible

A

elevates mandible

56
Q

temporalis muscle function

A

elevates mandible

57
Q

what is the purpose of the temporalis fascia

A

it allows for greater strength of the temporalis muscle because muscle fibers of the temporalis muscle can attach her

58
Q

which muscle is most complicating

59
Q

which muscle is the most powerful closer

60
Q

medial pterygoid muscle insertion

A

deep surface of the angle

61
Q

medial pterygoid muscle origin

A

deep head: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
superficial head: part of maxilla

62
Q

parts of the medial pterygoid muscle

A

deep head and superficial head

63
Q

medial pterygoid muscle function

A

elevates mandible

64
Q

which muscle is the 2nd most powerful closer

A

medial pterygoid

65
Q

lateral pterygoid superior head origin

A

greater wing of sphenoid bone

66
Q

lateral pterygoid superior head insertion

A

articular disc of TMJ

67
Q

lateral pterygoid superior head function

A

positions the articular disk in opening AND closing; helps avoid pinching of the joint capsule

68
Q

lateral pterygoid inferior head origin

A

lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

69
Q

lateral pterygoid inferior head insertion

A

neck of mandible

70
Q

lateral pterygoid inferior head function

A

pulls condyle forward and causes OPENING

71
Q

which pterygoid muscle is more anterior

72
Q

what is the one muscle that is an important opener

A

inferior head of lateral pterygoid

73
Q

muscles ______ the mandible bone

74
Q

what are the 3 layers of cartilage in the TMJ

A

cartilage coating the depth of the glenoid fossa, cartilage coating the head of the mandible, and the articular disk

75
Q

what kind of joint is the TMJ

A

synovial joint (ball and socket)

76
Q

what is the function of the articular disk of the TMJ

A

shock absorber

77
Q

what does the capsular ligament do

A

it is wrapped like a cone around the condyle and neck of mandible and it holds the joint together

78
Q

what is the articular eminence

A

thick strong bone that is well adapted in handling forces

79
Q

the ceiling of the fossa is ____

80
Q

the TMJ joint is divided in to

A

upper and lower compartments by the articular disk

81
Q

TMJ ligament

A

located on the lateral side of the joint and maintains the joint’s integrity. It also prevents backwards dislocation

82
Q

sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligament

A

Guiding ligaments to keep condyle, disc and temporal bone firmly opposed

83
Q

what kind of forces are experienced by the TMJ

A

compressive

84
Q

compressive force means

A

two surfaces are pressing together; for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

85
Q

what are the steps to opening the mouth

A

1) anterior posterior movement (translation) in the upper compartment
2) hinge movement (rotation) in the lower compartment

86
Q

what are the sensory innervations for the TMJ

A

ariculotemporal: primary on the back and sides
masseterice nerve: secondary on the front
other nerves: deep temporal nerves and mandibular nerve

87
Q

anterior jaw dislocation

A

Someone opens excessively wide which can happen after a long dental appointment. Condyle hops over the articular eminence. Most common!!

88
Q

What could you palpate extra-orally after an anterior jaw dislocation

A

coronoid process

89
Q

other types of jaw dislocations

A

superior: punch in chin with the mouth open
posterior: punch in chin
lateral: usually only with jaw fractures

90
Q

why is lateral excursion important

A

it helps create the normal lateral component of the chewing cycle

91
Q

if you activate the right inferior lateral pterygoid then…

A

the jaw moves left

92
Q

if you activate the left inferior lateral pterygoid then…

A

then the jaw moves right

93
Q

if a patient has a paralyzed lateral pterygoid then….

A

the chin will deviate to the same side of the paralyzed muscle when the mouth is opened

H and N Lecture (2 decks)

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