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Y1-3 Osteology > Head and Neck > Flashcards

Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Name the bones of the cranium

How many of each do you have

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal (x2)
  • Temporal (x2)
  • Occipital
  • Zygomatic (x2)
  • Ethmoid
  • Sphenoid
  • Nasal (x2)
  • Vomer
  • Palatine
  • Maxilla (x2)
  • Inferior conchae (x2)
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2
Q

Name the jaw bone

A

Mandible

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3
Q

What is the bone with no articulations?

A

Hyoid bone

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4
Q

Name the sutures of the cranium

A
  • coronal suture
  • sagittal suture
  • All other bones are joined by sutures
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5
Q

List the features of the frontal bone

A
  • Supraorbital foramina (notches)
  • Frontal sinus
  • Orbital plates (roof of orbits/floor of anterior cranial fossa)
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6
Q

List the features of the ethmoid bone

A

Crista galli

Cribriform plate (with anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina)

Superior concha

Middle concha

Ethmoid air cells

Perpendicular plate

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7
Q

List the features of the sphenoid bone

A

Optic canals

Superior orbital fissure

Foramina rotundum, ovale & spinosum

Pituitary (hypophysial) fossa

Right and left medial & lateral pterygoid plates
(right & left pterygoid processes)

Sphenoid sinus (within the body of the sphenoid)

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8
Q

List the features of the parietal bones

A

Pterion

The temporal lines

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9
Q

List the features of the occipital bone

A

Foramen magnum

Jugular foramen (between occipital and temporal bones)

Hypoglossal canal

Occipital condyles

External and internal occipital protuberances

Grooves for dural venous sinuses

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10
Q

List the features of the temporal bone

A

Internal & external acoustic meatuses

Squamous and petrous parts

Styloid & mastoid processes

Stylomastoid foramen

Glenoid (mandibular) fossa

Carotid canal

Zygomatic process

Grooves for middle meningeal arteries

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11
Q

Describe the zygomatic arch

A

Zygomatic process of the temporal bone forms zygomatic arch with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone

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12
Q

List the features of the maxillae

A

Palatine process

Alveolar process

Floor of the orbit

Infraorbital canal (or groove) and foramen

Opening for nasolacrimal duct

Maxillary sinus (clinically called the “antrum”)

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13
Q

List the features of the zygomatic bones

A

Lateral wall of the orbit

Floor of the orbit

Temporal process

Zygomatic arch

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14
Q

List the features of the zygomatic arch

A

Zygomatic process of temporal bone

Temporal process of zygoma

Articular tubercle

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15
Q

Name the bones of the nasal septum

A

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

Vomer

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16
Q

List the auditory ossicles

A

Malleus

Incus

Stapes

17
Q

List the features of the cervical vertebrae

A

Body (except C1 vertebra)

Spinous process (except C1 vertebra)

Transverse processes

Transverse foramina

Vertebral foramen (canal)

Superior and inferior articular facets on superior and inferior articular processes

Intervertebral discs (except between C1-C2)

18
Q

List the features of the atlas vertebra (C1)

A
  • Attachment points (approximate) for the transverse ligament of the atlas (holds odontoid process in place)
  • superior articular facets for the occipital condyles (atlanto-occipital joints)
  • inferior articular facets for the superior articular facets of the atlas (atlanto-axial joints)
  • anterior arch (no body) for articulation with the odontoid process of the axis
  • posterior arch (no spinous process) The axis (C2 vertebra)
  • The odontoid process (dens, peg)
  • superior articular facets for the inferior articular facets of the atlas (atlanto-axial joints)
19
Q

What joints connect the vertebrae and cranium?

A

Craniovertebral joints:

  • atlanto-occipital
  • atlanto- axial
20
Q

What joints connect the mandible and cranium?

A

Temporomandibular (right and left)

21
Q

List the 3 cranial fossa

A
  • Anterior cranial fossa
  • Middle cranial fossa
  • Posterior cranial fossa
22
Q

Define a foramen

A

A hole in a bone that allows for a nerve or vessel

23
Q

Define a fossa

A

A depression, usually in a bone

24
Q

Name the foramina the each cranial nerve

A

Ethmoidal foramina - CN I

Optic canal - CN II

Superior orbital fissure - CN III, IV, V1, VI

Foramen rotundum - CN V2

Foramen ovale - CN V3

Internal acoustic meatus - CN VII & VIII

Jugular foramen - CN IX, X & XI

Hypoglossal canal - CNXII

Y1-3 Osteology (6 decks)

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