head and neck

Question 1

Digastric - anterior o i i

Answer 1

digastric fossa of mandible,
intermediate tendon
mylohyoid nerve V3

Question 2

digastric - posterior belly

Answer 2

mastoid process
insertion intermediate tendon
facial nerve

Question 3

geniohyoid

Answer 3

inferior mental spine of symphysis menti (mandible)
hyoid
C1

Question 4

stylohyoid

Answer 4

temporal styloid process
hyoid
facial

Question 5

mylohyoid

Answer 5

mylohyoid line of mandible
hyoid
myohyoid nerve V3

Question 6

Sternohyoid

Answer 6

manubruim
hyoid
ansa cervicalis

Question 7

sternothyroid

Answer 7

manubruim
oblique line of thyroid cartilage
ansa cervicalis

Question 8

thyrohyoid

Answer 8

oblique line of thyroid cartilage
hyoid
C1 - via hypoglossal

Question 9

omohyoid - superior belly

Answer 9

intermediate tendon
hyoid
superior root of ansa cervicalis

Question 10

omohyoid - inferior belly

Answer 10

superior border of scapula
intermediate tendon
ansa cervicalis

Question 11

nerve roots of ansa cervicalis

Answer 11

superior root c1

inferior root c2 and c3

Question 12

what is laryngotomy

Answer 12

incision in cricothyroid membrane

Question 13

what is tracheostomy

Answer 13

incision in trachea

Question 14

what level does the carotid bifurcate and laryngeal process lie

Answer 14

C4

Question 15

name anterior branches of the carotid - inferior 1st

Answer 15

superior thyroid, lingual, facial, maxillary

Question 16

muscles vary pitch and how

Answer 16

intrinsic muscle

length and tension of vocal cords - changes frequency of vibration

Question 17

what nerve supplies intrinsic muscles of the larynx

Answer 17

vagus CNX

Question 18

which branch of the vagus supplies which intrinsic muscle

Answer 18

all recurrent laryngeal
APART from
1) cricothyroid = superior laryngeal nerve

Question 19

describe path of external laryngeal nerve

Answer 19

depends on larynx beneath sternthyroid,

Question 20

put these structures in order - superior 1st

• thyroid cartilage
• cricothyroid membrane
• trachea
• isthmus of thyroid
• cricoid cartilage
• hyoid bone

Answer 20

• hyoid
• thyroid cartilage
• cricoid membrane
• cricoid cartilage - isthmus of thyroid (connects lobes)
• Trachea

Question 21

posterior triangle

Answer 21

anterior border - sternocleomastoid
posterior - trapezius
floor - clavicle

Question 22

anterior

Answer 22

base - jugular notch
anterior - midline of neck
posterior - sternocleomastoid
apex - line extending from mandible to mastoid process

Question 23

What strucutes can be damaged by a stab wound to the posterior triangle

Answer 23

lung

brachial plexus

Question 24

function of infra hyoid muscles

Answer 24

depress the hyoid bone during swallowing and speech

Question 25

function of the supra hyoid muscles

Answer 25

elevate the hyoid bone or open mouth if straps are holding hyoid down

Question 26

which muscles does the parotid duct transverse and perice

Answer 26

traverse - masseter

insert through - buccinator

Question 27

where does the parotid gland enter the mouth

Answer 27

by the second molar - superior

Question 28

what cranial nerves exit the skull with the vagus

Answer 28

glossopharyngeal and accessory

Question 29

in what order the the branches of the vagus to the pharynx and larynx come off

Answer 29

most superior - pharyngeal
internal superior laryngeal- in-between hyoid and thyroid cartilage
most inferior - external superior laryngeal - over the hyoid and thyroid cartilage

Question 30

function of buccinator

Answer 30

babies - suckling

adults - whistling and smiling

Question 31

explain why parotid gland may become swollen

Answer 31

salivary stones

compressed facial nerve - VERY PAINFUL

Question 32

most painful condition related to trigeminal

Answer 32

trigeminal neuralgia

Question 33

what runs in parotid

Answer 33

• facial nerve - splits into 5 branches
• retromandibular vein
• external carotid - bifurcates to superficial temporal and maxillary

Question 34

what muscles dilate the eye

Answer 34

dilator pupillae

sphincter muscle

Question 35

what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve

Answer 35

temporal
zygomatic
buccal 
mandibular
cervical

Question 36

what nerve fibres make up the chordae tympani

Answer 36

V3 and Facial

Question 37

what are the autonomic ganglia of the head

Answer 37

cillary 3-v1-SP
pterygopalatine 7-v2-Lac.G
submandibular 7-v3-Sub.Man+Ling.G
otic 9-v3-Parotid.G

Question 38

muscles of mastication - 4

Answer 38

1) medial pterygoid
2) lateral pterygoid
3) masseter
4) temporalis