Head And Neck

Question 1

Atlas

Answer 1

C1
No body

Question 2

Atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 2

Skull and atlas
Flexion and extension (nodding)

Question 3

Axis

Answer 3

C2
Prominent spinous process

Question 4

Atlanto-axial joint

Answer 4

C1-C2
Axial rotation (shaking/no)

Question 5

C3-C7

Answer 5

Mostly flexion and extension, lateral flexion
Lower Cx has greater movement
Bodies become shorter

Question 6

Nuchal ligament parts

Answer 6

Funicular (cord like)
and laminar (sheet like)

Question 7

Funicular part

Answer 7

Occiput to DSP’s of withers
Continues into supeaspinous ligament

Question 8

Laminar part

Answer 8

C2-C5 to T2 and T3 DSP’s
Provides stability to Cx

Question 9

Sternocephalicus

Answer 9

Manibrium sterni to
Caudal border of mandible
Opens mouth, flexes head and neck

Question 10

Brachiocephalicus

Answer 10

Mastoid process of temporal bone and C1 to the humerus
Forelimb extension and adduction
Lateral flexion of head and neck

Question 11

Splenius

Answer 11

Spinous processes of T3-T5 to nuchal crest, mastoid process of temporal bone and TP’s of c2-c5
Extends, elevates or bends head and neck laterally

Question 12

Semispinalis
(Deeper)

Answer 12

TP’s of T1-T7 and C3-C7 to occipital bone
Elevates head and neck, lateral bends

Question 13

Scalenus
(Deeper)

Answer 13

First rib to TP’s of C4-C7
Neck flexion, lateral flexion

Question 14

Common pathologies in the neck

Answer 14

OA of facet joints
Cervical vertebral malformation (CVM)
Trauma or subluxation
Occipital-Atlantoaxial malformation (congenital)
Desmopathy of the nuchal ligament
Semispinalis injury