Head And Neck Flashcards
Shape of disc at TMJ? Type of joint?
Bi-concave, considered a complex modified hinge joint
What type of joints are the sutures of the skull?
Synarthroidal
Motions at the TMJ on the x axis?
Sagittal plane elevation and depression, more in lower portions of joint
Motions at the TMJ around the y axis?
Lateral deviation, protraction, retraction, along the transverse plane, translatory, upper portion of joint
There is a mechanical linkage of TMJ elevation with _________?
Retraction
There is a mechanical linkage of TMJ depression with_______?
Protraction
What actions occur at the AO joint?
Flexion, extension (x axis), lateral Flexion (z axis)
T or F. The AO joint is a uniaxial pivot joint
False! the AO joint is biaxial condylar joint! (x and z)
The AA joint is a uniaxial pivot joint. ( y axis)
Action at the AA joint?
Lateral rotation on the Y axis
T or F. The zygapophyseal joints at C2 to C7 are triaxial planar joints and work collectively to give more movement.
True
At what joint does the first 5 degrees of neck flexion occur?
AO
At what joint does the first 15 degrees of neck extension as well as the first 5 degrees of lateral flexion occur?
AO
T or F. The last 45 degrees of neck rotation occur at AA joint on the y axis?
False. It’s the first 45 degrees, further at C2 to C7
Name two strong elevators for mastication.
Temporalis and masseter. Surprise palpation! Take a moment to palpate you masseter. Stop clenching it, physiology final is over, we can relax now.
Name the action of the medial pterygoid.
Good closer due to a line of pull similar to massetter. Also protracts, also lateral deviation to the opposite side.
What two muscles lateral deviate the jaw to the opposite side?
Medial and lateral pterygoid
T or F. At the jaw, closers are stronger than openers, opening is more passive.
True
The hyoid is typically in line with which vertebrae?
C4
What is the Main function of the suprahyoids? Hint, it’s not opening the jaw.
To protect the airway by getting it out of the way when you swallow, in other Wikipedia words, elevate the hyoid and widen the esophagus during swallowing.
T or F. The infrahyoids offer a stabilizing synergy with the suprahyoids.
True
Name all the actions of Hollands favorite SCM.
Flexes at C2 to C7 joint, extends at AO joint, ipsilateral lateral (can I say that?) flexion, and contralateral rotation. Having two heads means lots of actions.
RCA
What joint, what action?
AO flexor
RCL
What joint? What action?
AO, lateral flexor
RCP Major
What joint? What action?
AO Joint, extensor, AA joint ipsilateral rotation, ipsilateral lateral flexion
RCP Minor
What joint? What action?
AO, extension and same side lateral flexor
OCS
What joint, what action?
AO, extend and lateral flex on same side
OCI
What joint? What action?
AA joint, rotation to same side.
Longus capitis
Action?
Flexes cervical spine, ipsilateral lateral flexion, straight orientation (not gay) of muscle fibers means no rotation.
Longus colli
Actions?
Flexes cervical spine, lateral flexor, like SCM, directional obliqueness makes it a contralateral rotator
Splenius Capitis
Actions?
Extensor
Lateral flexor
Ipsilateral rotation
Attaches on mastoid proccess, which I will never forget because it was on Keith’s very hard quiz last summer that I did poorly on.
Splenius cervicis
Actions?
Extension
Lateral flexion
And ipsilateral rotation of cervical spine only as it does not cross the AO joint.
Anterior scalene actions?
Flexor, lateral flexor, contralateral rotation
Middle scalene action?
Flexor, ipsilateral lateral flexor, very vertical orientation
Posterior scalene action?
Ipsilateral lateral flexion,
Actions of the upper traps are ipsilateral lateral flexion and _______?
Contralateral rotation
Actions of the levator scapulae are contralateral rotation, ipsilateral lateral flexion, and ___________?
Extension
