Head And Neck Flashcards
This benign nasal mass is typically located along the lateral nasal wall centered at the MIDDLE MEATUS and spreads to the adjacent sinuses (typically the maxillary sinus). On contrast enhancement, it appears as a CONVOLUTED, CEREBRIFORM appearance.
Inverted papilloma
This benign nasal mass is typically centered in the SPHENOPALATINE FORAMEN and may extend into the retromaxillary PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA (90%), nasal cavity, and nasopharynx. It may cause BOWING of the posterior wall of the maxillary antrum and exhibits INTENSE enhancement. This is commonly seen in ADOLESCENT MALES presenting with EPISTAXIS. (Harnsberger page 745)
Juvenile Angiofibroma
Which structure drains into the INFERIOR MEATUS?
Nasolacrimal duct
This malignant mass (commonly seen in 40-60 YEARS of age) typically arises from the nasopharynx at the FOSSA OF ROSENMULLER. CERVICAL LYMPHADENOPATHY is usually present at levels II, V, and the retropharyngeal space. It may cause BONE DESTRUCTION of the clivus/pterygoids. It is associated with EBV infection: (Harnsberger page 484)
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Common diagnosis of malignancy in the ORAL CAVITY (tongue, base of the tongue, retromolar trigone, buccal, etc.), PHARYNX, LARYNX, and UPPER AIRWAY. (Harnsberger page 476
Squamous cell CA
This deep neck space serves as a potential CONDUIT FROM THE PHARYNX TO THE MEDIASTINUM such that abscesses of the neck can extend to the thorax. Thus, it can be called the DANGER SPACE. This deep neck space is called the: (Brant page 254)
Retropharyngeal space
This benign parotid gland tumor is homogeneously enhancing if it is small and heterogeneously enhancing if it is large. It assumes a PEAR-shaped mass if it arises from the deep lobe. On CT, it may have CALCIFICATIONS. On MRI, it has a T2W BRIGHT signal. If this mass is left for a long time, it can become CANCEROUS. This is the MOST COMMON tumor in the parotid gland (Harnsberger page 89):
Pleomorphic Adenoma
This malignant parotid gland tumor is commonly located in the SUPERFICIAL LOBE with ADENOPATHY at level II. This also has MUCOUS CYSTIC components. This is also the MOST COMMON malignancy of the parotid gland. (Harnsberger page 99)
Mucoepidermoid CA
This malignant parotid gland tumor is commonly HOMOGENEOUS and tends to have PERINEURAL spread to the CN VII. This is also the 2nd MOST COMMON malignancy of the parotid gland. (Harnsberger page 103)
Adenoidcystic Ca
This skull base foramen transmits CN V3:
Foramen Ovale
This skull base foramen transmits the middle meningeal artery:
Foramen spinosum
In THYROID OPTHALMOPATHY, which extraocular muscle tends to be the first one to exhibit enlargement of the muscle belly with tendon sparing? (Harnsberger page 823)
Inferior rectus muscle
I - inferior Rectus
M iddle Rectus
S uperior Rectus
L ateral Rectus
O blique Muscles
This is the most common intraocular malignancy in CHILDREN (usually less <5 years of age). It typically enhances and contains CALCIFICATIONS. (Harnsberger page 847)
Retinoblastoma
Most common tumor of the optic nerve usually in the first decade of life. It usually has a BILATERAL involvement with enlarged sheaths with KINKING of the nerve. It is associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS-1. (Brant page 258
Optic Nerve Glioma
Most common cause of intraorbital mass lesion in the adult population with PAINFUL proptosis presenting as T2W hypointensity of the lesion. (Brant page 260)
Pseudotumor
This lesion arises from the remnants of the primitive notochord and presents as a DESTRUCTIVE EXPANSILE MIDLINE mass centered in the CLIVUS which may indent on the PONS. On MRI, it is classically HIGH T2W signal. (Harnsberger page 875)
Chordoma
Cystic neck mass ANTERIOR TO THE SCM and posterior to the submandibular gland. If it is infected, there is wall enhancement on both CT and MRI. (Harnsberger page 603)
2nd Branchial Cleft Cyst
Most common childhood soft tissue malignancy in the head and neck region: (Harnsberger page 624)
Rhabdomyosarcoma
