Head Flashcards
mastication mm formed embryologically, innervation?
1st branchial arch/ madibular division(V3) of the trigeminal n.
What doe muscles of facial expression develop from. innervation?
2nd branchial arch/ facial n
insertions - anterior, lateral, neck, medial surface of ramus of mandible
temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid
boundaries of temporal fossa
temporal lines
frontal bone
zygomatic bone
what is the area of articulation? what artery crosses it
pterion
middle meningeal a
at risk as a result of lateral head injuries
contents of temporal fossa
temporalis m
running over the top of m is-superficial temporal artery and auriculotemporal n.
Where does the auricolotemporal n (branch of V3) originate and emerge
infratemporal fossa
anterior to auricle and deep to parotid gland
Where is infratemporal fossa located
inferior and deep to the dzyomatic arch and posterior to the maxilla
borders of the infratemporal fossa
lateral-ramus of mandible
medial - latral pterygoid plate
anterior-infratemporal surface of maxilla
posterior - condylar process of mandible and styloid process of temporal bone
roof- inferior surface of greater wing of sphenoid bone
floor- level where medial pterygoid m attaches to the angle/ramus of mandible
What are the foraminae located in the infratemporal fossa? what emerges from them?
f. ovale- mandibular division of trigeminal n
f. spinosum - middle meningeal artery
mandibular n branches into what named nn
auriculotemporal inferior alveolar lingual buccal named muscular branches for each muscle of mastication
auriculotemporal n
sensor to around the ear. carries glossopharyngeal fibers to the parotid, production of saliva
sensory to the teeth of the mandible and skin overlying the chin and mandible
inferior alveolar n
somatosensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
lingual n
a branch of the facial n. that joins lingual n to carry taste sensation from the ant 2/3 of the tongue
chorda tympani
sensation over the cheek
buccal n
what is a terminal branch of the external carotid that is seen in the infratemporal fossa
maxillary a
what are the branches of the maxillary a (described with respect to their position to the lateral pterygoid m)
middle meningeal a
inferior alveolar a.
Where does the pterygopalatine fossa lie?
between sphenoid bond posteriorly and maxilla anteriorly
What foramina does the pterygopalatine fossa contain
f rotundum
inferior orbital fissure
What nerves does the pterygopalatine fossa contain
maxillary division of (V2) branches into infraorbital n. carrying sensation from the skin overlying the maxillary and zygomatic regions
What vessels does the pterygopalatine fossa containe?
maxillary artery branches
infraorbital a.
What kind of joint is the temporomandibular jt
modified synovial hinge jt.
What articulates at the tmj
head of condyle of the mandible and the mandibular fossa with the articular tubercle
there is a articular disc within the joint that is fused with the articular capusle
what is the strong ligament of the tmj capsule
the articular capsule is thickened laterally as the lateral temporomandibular ligament
Which other two ligaments support the connection of the mandible to the base of the skull
stylomandibular
sphenomandibular
what movements occur at the tmj
rotation during initial part of jaw opening, the head of the mandible rotates with the articular disc toward the articular tubercle
Where do the muscles of facial expression insert
skin or fascia underlying skin
innervation of facial expression muscles
facial n CN VII
what are the 6 muscles of facial expression
platysma orbiuclaris oris buccinator orbicularis oculi nasails muscle frontalis muscle
innervation of platysma
cervical and mandibular branch of facial n
innervation of orbicularis oris
buccal and mandibular branches of facial n
innervation of buccinator
buccal branch of facial n
innervation of orbicularis oculi
zygomatic and temporal branches of facial n.
innervation of nasalis muscle
zygomatic branch of facial n
innervation of frontalis m
temporal branch of facial n
occipitalis m. innervation
posterior auricular branch of facial n.
smile muscle
zygomaticus major
sneer muscle
zygomaticus minor, along with the levators
kirk douglas muscle (dimple in middle of chin)
mentalis
grin muscle
risorius
this muscle is necessary for firmness on the lateral side of the oral cavity
buccinator
orbicularis oculi parts
orbital part - sphincter
palbebral part - eyelid
lacrimal part - medial extension of eyelid over lacrimal puncta, necessary for bathing eye with tears.
origin on the maxilla and inserts near the alar cartilage of the nose
nasalis muscle
two parts of nasalis muscle
compressor and dilator part
continuous with the occipitalis m on the posterior part of the skull as occipitofrontalis m.
frontalis m
occipitalis and frontalis are connected by the
epicranial aponeurosis
sensor component for all sensation over the face, including proprioception of the muscles of facial expression
trigeminal n.
3 divisions of trigeminal n.
V1 ophthalmic
V2 maxillary
V3 mandibular (only division with motor component)
what innervates the muscles of mastication
motor component of V3
V1 leaves the middle cranial fossa via
the superior orbital fissure
V2 leaves the middle cranial fossa via the
foramen rotundum
V3 leaves the middle cranial fossa via the
foramen ovale
The ______ nerve is sensory only and thus does not innervate the buccinator muscle (a muscle of facial expression and is innervated by the buccal branch of the facial n)
buccal
Branches of V1
supraorbital, supratrochlear, infratrochlear, external nasal, lacrimal
Branches of V2
infraorbital, zygomaticofacial, zygomaticotemporal, superior alveolar
Branches of V3
auriculotemporal, buccal, mental, inferior alveolar, lingual
all the muscles of facial expression are innervated by
facial n
the facial n. emerges from _______ through the __________ and then branches after they pass through the _________
base of the skull
stylomastoid foramen
parotid gland
Which branch of the facial n branches posteriorly
posterior auricular
6 branches of facial n
posterior auricular cervical mandibular buccal zygomatic temporal
arteries of the face are branches off
the external carotid
The branches of the external carotid in ascending order
superior thyroid - neck ascending pharyngeal - neck lingual facial occipital posterior auricular superficial temporal maxillary -final branch, seen in the infratemporal fossa
middle meningeal, inferior alveolar and infraorbital are branches off
maxillary artery, which branches off external carotid
what vein drains the majority of the face
internal jugular vein
which vein drains into both external jugular and facial
retromandibular
veins around the nose are continuous with veins in the orbit that drain into
the cranial cavity
this is a source of infections to the meninges and brain
where does the parotid gland lie
in the parotid bed wedged between the ear and the posterior edge of the ramus of the mandible
where is the parotid duct located
below the zygomatic arch and empties into the oral cavity adjacent to the upper second molar
T/F Facial N fibers travel through the body of the gland and innervate it
F. they do travel through it, but it is innervated by the glossopharyngeal n (CN IX) and the carotid plexus
what nerve is responsible for autonomic and parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland
glossopharyngeal n CN IX
what is responsible for production of thick saliva (sympathetic activation) of the parotid gland
carotid plexus
what carries the glossopharyngeal innervation to the parotid gland
auriculotemporal n. V3
TF auriculotemporal n does not carry sensor fibers into the parotid gland
t
What are the 4 muscles of mastication
temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid
