hdc muscle chart Flashcards
geniohyoid origin and insertion
Mental spine of the mandible
Body of the hyoid bone
geniohyoid action 2
elevates the hyoid bone
Depresses the mandible
geniohyoid innervation
Ventral primary ramus of spinal nerve c1 via fibers carried by the hypoglossal nerve
geniohyoid artery
Sublingual artery
Mylohyoid, origin and insertion 2
Mylohyoid line of mandible
Midline raphe, body of the hyoid bone
Mylohyoid action 2
elevates the hyoid, bone and tongue
Depresses the mandible
Mylohyoid innervation 2
Mylohyoid nerve from the inferior alveolar nerve
Branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V
Mylohyoid artery 2
Submental artery
Sublingual artery
digastric, origin 2 and insertion 1
Anterior belly: digastric fossa of the mandible, posterior belly: mastoid notch of the temporal bone
Body of the hyoid via a fibrous loop over an intermediate tendon
digastric action 2
Elevates the hyoid bone and depresses the mandible
Digastric innervation
anterior: mylohyoid nerve from the mandibular, a division of the trigeminal nerve
Posterior: facial nerve
digastric artery 2
anterior: submental artery
posterior: occipital a
omohyoid origin and insertion
inferior belly: upper border of the scapula medial to the scapular notch
Superior: intermediate tendon
inferior: intermediate tendon
Superior: lower border of the hyoid bone lateral to the sternohyoid insertion
omohyoid action
Depresses and stabilizes the hyoid bone
omohyoid innervation
ansa cervicalis c1-c3
omohyoid artery
Lingual artery and superior thyroid artery
Stylohyoid, origin and insertion
Posterior side of the styloid process
Splits around the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle to insert on the body of the hyoid bone
Stylohyoid action
Elevates in retracts the hyoid bone
Stylohyoid innervation
Styloid branch of the facial nerve
Stylohyoid artery
Branches from facial and occipital arteries
Sternohyoid origin and insertion
Posterior surfaces of both the manubrium and the sternal end of the clavicle
Lower border of the hyoid bone medial to the omohyoid muscle insertion
Sternohyoid action
Depresses and stabilizes the hyoid bone
Sternohyoid innervation
ansa cervicalis c1-c3
sternohyoid artery
Superior thyroid artery, and lingual artery
Sternothyroid, origin and insertion
Posterior surface of the manubrium below the origin of the sterno hyoid muscle
Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
Sternothyroid action
Depresses in stabilizes the hyoid bone
depresses larynx
Sternothyroid innervation
ansa cervicalis c1 c3
sternothyroid artery
Superior thyroid artery
thyrohyoid origin insertion
Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
Lower border of the hyoid bone
thyrohyoid action
Elevates the larynx
Depresses and stabilizes the hyoid bone
thyrohyoid innervation
ansa cervicalis (C1 Nervia fibers running with the hypoglossal nerve)
thyrohyoid artery
Superior thyroid artery
stapedius origin and insertion
Walls of the pyramidal eminence
Neck of stapes
stapedius action
Dampens vibration of the stapes
stapedius innervation
facial nerve vii
stapedius artery
anterior tympanic artery
tensor tympani, origin and insertion
Cartilaginous auditory tube, and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, which is adjacent to it
Manubrium of the malleus
tensor tympani action
 Dampens vibrations of the tympanic membrane
tensor tympani innervation
Medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve v
tensor tympani artery
Superior tympanic branch of the middle meningeal artery
Occipitofrontalis, origin and insertion
Frontalis: galea aponeurotic
occipitalis: superior nuchal line
frontalis: skin of the eyebrows
Occipitalis : galea aponeurotica
Occipitofrontalis action
elevates the eyebrows in wrinkles the forehead
Occipitofrontalis innervation
Front: temporal branches of the facial nerve
Occiput: posterior auricular branch of the facial nerve
Occipitofrontalis artery
Front: supraorbital in supratrochlear artery
Occiput: occipital artery
corrugator supercilli origin and insertion
medial part of the superciliary arch
Skin of the medial half of the eyebrow
corrugator supercilli action
pulls eyebrows together immediately
corrugator supercilli innervation
temporal branch of the facial nerve
corrugator supercilli artery
Supratrochlear artery
procerus origin and insertion
Nasal bone
Skin between the eyebrows
Procerus action
Depresses the medial corners of the eyebrows
Procerus innervation
Temporal branch of the facial nerve
Procerus artery
Supratrochlear artery
Orbicularis oculi, origin and insertion
orbital: medial orbital margin, and the medial palpebral ligament
palpebral: medial palpebral ligament
Orbital: skin of the lateral cheek
Palpebral: lateral palpebral raphe
Orbicularis oculi action
Close the eyelids
Orbicularis oculi innervation
Temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve
Orbicularis oculi artery
supraorbital artery, supratrochlear artery, infraorbital artery, relationship angular branch of the facial artery
Nasalis origin and insertion
maxilla above the incisor teeth and the canine teeth
Ala of the nose and midline aponeurosis
Nasalis action
Flattens the nose, flares the nostrils
Nasalis innervation
buccal branch of the facial nerve
Nasalis artery
superior labial branch of the facial artery
Nasalis artery
Superior labial branch of the facial artery
Levator labii superioris alaque nasi origin and insertion
Frontal process of the maxilla
ala of the nose and skin of the upper lip
Levator labii superioris alaque nasi action
Elevates the upper lip and flares the nostrils
Levator labii superioris alaque nasi innervation
buccal branch of the facial nerve
Levator labii superioris alaque nasi artery
infraorbital artery, superior labial branch of the facial artery
depressor septi, origin and insertion
 Maxilla near the midline above the incisor teeth
Nasal septum
depressor septi action
Depresses the nasal septum, involved in flaring the nostrils
Depressor septi innervation
buccal branch of the facial nerve
Depressors septi artery
superior labial branch of the facial artery
Levator anguli oris, origin and insertion
canine fossa of the Maxella
Angle of the mouth
Levator anguli oris action
Elevates the angle of the mouth
Levator anguli Oris innervation
buccal branch of the facial nerve
Levator anguli Oris artery
Infraorbital artery, superior labial branch of the facial artery
Levator labii superioris origin and insertion
inferior margin of the orbit
Skin of the upper lip
Levator labii superioris action
Elevates the upper lip
Levator labii superioris innervation
buccal branch of the facial nerve
Levator labii superioris artery
 Infraorbital artery, superior labial branch of the facial artery
Zygomaticus minor origin and insertion
lower surface of the zygomatic bone
Lateral part of the upper lip
Zygomaticus minor action
Elevates the upper lip
Zygomaticus minor innervation
buccal branch of a facial nerve
Zygomaticus minor artery
Transverse facial artery
Facial artery
Zygomaticus major origin and insertion
upper lateral surface of the zygomatic bone
Skin of the angle of the mouth
Zygomaticus, major action
Corner of the mouth laterally
Zygomaticus major innervation
Branches of the facial nerve
Zygomaticus major artery
transverse facial artery
Facial artery
Orbicularis Oris, origin and insertion
Skin and fascia of lips in the area surrounding the lips
Skin and fascia of the lips
Orbicularis oris action
Purses the lips
Orbicularis oris innervation
Buccal branch of a facial nerve
Orbicularis oris artery
superior and inferior, leave your branches of the facial artery
Mental artery
Infraorbital artery
risorius origin and insertion
Fascia of the lateral cheek
skin of the angle of the mouth
risorius action
Draws the corners of the mouth laterally
risorius innervation
buccal branch of the facial nerve
risorius artery
Transverse facial artery
Facial artery
Buccinator, origin and insertion
pterygomandibular raphe, mandible, and the maxilla lateral to the molar teeth
Angle of mouth, and the lateral portion of the upper and lower lips
Buccinator action
Pulls the corner of the mouth laterally, presses the cheek against the teeth
buccinator innervation
buccal branch of the facial nerve
buccinator artery
Facial artery
depressor anguli Oris, origin and insertion
oblique line of the mandible
Angle of the mouth
Depressor anguli Oris action
Pause the corner of the mouth downward
depressor anguli Oris innervation
marginal mandibular and buccal branches of the facial nerve
depressor anguli Oris artery
Inferior labial branch of the facial artery
Mental artery
depressor labii inferioris origin, and insertion
anterior surface of the mandible
Skin of a lower lip
depressor labii inferioris action
Depresses the lower lip
depressor labii inferioris innervation
Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve
depressor labii inferioris artery
Inferior labial branch of the facial artery
Mental artery
Mentalis, origin and insertion
Anterior surface of the mandible near the mental symphysis
Skin of the chin
Mentalis action
Elevates the lower lip and skin of the chin
Mentalis innervation
Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve
Mentalis artery
Mental artery
Inferior labial branch of facial artery
platysma, origin and insertion
Fascia overlying the pectoralis major, and deltoid muscles
Inferior border of the mandible, and skin of cheek and lower lip, angle of mouth
platysma action
Just the corners of the mouth down
Aids in depression of the mandible
Tenses, skin of inferior face and neck
Platysma innervation
Cervical branch of facial nerve
Platysma artery
Submental artery of the facial artery
Temporalis origin and insertion
Temporal Fossa in the temporal fascia
Coronoid process of the mandible in the anterior surface of the ramus of the mandible
Temporalis action
Elevates the mandible (close mouth)
retracts the mandible (posterior fibers)
Temporalis innervation
Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves from V3
Temporalis artery
Anterior and posterior deep temporal artery
Masseter, origin and insertion
Zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone
Lateral surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible
Masseter action
Elevates the mandible, Limited contribution to protrusion of the mandible
Masseter innervation
Masseteric nerve V3
Masseter artery
Masseteric branch of the maxillary artery
medial pterygoid, origin and insertion
Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate, the pyramidal process of the palatine, bone and tuberosity of the maxilla
Medial surface of the ramus, an angle of the mandible
medial pterygoid action
elevate and protracts the mandible
unilateral contraction will produce CONTRAlaterally protrusion (circular, or grinding motion)
medial pterygoid innervation
Medial pterygoid nerve V3
medial pterygoid artery
Pterygoid branch of the maxillary artery
Lateral pterygoid, origin and insertion
superior head: greater wing of the sphenoid bone; inferior head: lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate
Superior head: capsule and articular disc of the temporal mandibular joint
Inferior head: neck of the mandible
lateral pterygoid action
Protracts the mandible
Depresses the mandible (open mouth)
Unilateral contraction causes CONTRAlaterally protrusion
Lateral pterygoid innervation
Lateral pterygoid nerve V3
lateral pterygoid artery
Pterygoid branch of the maxillary artery
superior pharyngeal constrictor, origin, and insertion
Pterygoid hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, posterior end of the mylohyoid line of the mandible, and side of the tongue
pharyngeal tubercle on basilar part of occipital bone
superior pharyngeal constrictor action
Constricts walls of pharynx during swallowing
superior pharyngeal constrictor innervation
Pharyngeal branch of vagus (cn x) and pharyngeal plexus
Superior pharyngeal, constrictor artery
ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending palatine and tonsilarry branch of facial artery, dorsal lingual branch of lingual artery
Middle pharyngeal, constrictor, origin, and insertion
Stylohyoid ligament, greater and lesser horns of hyoid
Pharyngeal Raphe
Middle pharyngeal, constrictor action
Constricts walls of pharynx during swallowing
Middle pharyngeal constrictor innervation
pharyngeal branch of vagus (cn x) and branches of external and recurrent laryngeal nerve to Vagus
middle pharyngeal constrictor artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending palentine and tonsillar branch, a facial artery, dorsal, lingual branches of lingual artery
inferior pharyngeal constrictor, origin, and insertion
Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage and side of cricoid cartilage
Cricopharyngeal part encircles pharyngoesophageal Junction, without forming a raphe
Inferior pharyngeal, constrictor action
Constricts walls of pharynx during swallowing
inferior pharyngeal, constrictor, innervation
pharyngeal branch of vagus (cn x) and branches of external and recurrent laryngeal nerve to Vagus
inferior pharyngeal constrictor artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery and branches of superior thyroid artery
stylopharyngeus origin and insertion
Styloid process of temporal bone
Posterior and superior borders of thyroid cartilage, with palatopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus action
elevate pharynx, and larynx, during swallowing and speaking
stylopharyngeus innervation
glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix
stylopharyngeus artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending palatine and tonsillar branch of facial artery, dorsal branches of lingual artery
palatopharyngeus origin and insertion
hard palate and Palatine aponeurosis
Posterior border of lamina of thyroid cartilage, side of pharynx, and esophagus
palatopharyngeus action
elevate pharynx, and larynx during swallowing in speaking
palatopharyngeus innervation
pharyngeal branch of vagus, and pharyngeal plexus
palatopharyngeus artery
Ascending Palatine arteries branch of facial  artery, descending palantine artery branch of maxillary artery
salpingopharyngeus origin and insertion
cartilaginous part of pharyngotympanic tube
Blends with palatopgaryngeus
salpingopharyngeus action
Elevate pharynx, and larynx during swallowing and speaking
salpingopharyngeus innervation
pharyngeal branch of vagus, and pharyngeal plexus
salpingopharyngeus artery
Pharyngeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery
Cricothyroid, origin and insertion
Arch of the cricoid cartilage
Inferior border of the thyroid cartilage
Cricothyroid action
Draws the thyroid cartilage forward, lengthening the vocal ligaments
Cricothyroid innervation
External branch of superior laryngeal nerve, a branch of the Vagas nerve
Cricothyroid artery
cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid artery
Vocalis, origin and insertion
Surface of the thyroid, cartilage, vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage
Vocal ligament
Vocalis action
relaxes segments of the vocal ligament, thereby adjusting pitch
Vocalis innervation
inferior, laryngeal nerve, from the recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve
Vocalis artery
Laryngeal branch of the superior thyroid artery
thyroarytenoid, origin and insertion
Inner surface of the thyroid cartilage anteriorly
Lateral border of the arytenoid cartilage
thyroarytenoid action
Draws the arytenoid, cartilage forward, relaxing and adducting the vocal folds
thyroarytenoid innervation
inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve a branch of the vagus nerve
thyroarytenoid artery
Laryngeal branch of the superior thyroid artery
transverse arytenoid, origin and insertion
posterior surface of the arytenoid cartilage
Posterior surface of the CONTRAlateral arytenoid cartilage
transverse, arytenoid action
Draws arytenoid Cartlidge together, adducting the vocal folds
transverse arytenoid innervation
Inferior laryngeal nerve, from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve
Transverse arytenoid artery
Laryngeal branch of the superior thyroid artery
Oblique, arytenoid, origin and insertion
muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Posterior surface of the CONTRAlateral arytenoid cartilage near its Apex
Oblique, arytenoid action
draws, arytenoid, cartilage together,adducting the vocal folds
oblique arytenoid innervation
Inferior laryngeal nerve from the recurrent laryngeal nerve a branch of the Vegas nerve
oblique arytenoid artery
Laryngeal branch of the superior thyroid artery
posterior cricoarytenoid, origin and insertion
posterior surface of the laminar of the crico Cartlidge
Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
posterior cricoarytenoid action
Draws the muscular process, posteriorly, which pivots the arytenoid cartilage and abducts the vocal folds
posterior cricoarytenoid innervation
Inferior laryngeal nerve from the recurrent laryngeal nerve a branch of the Vegas nerve
posterior cricoarytenoid artery
superior laryngeal artery, cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid artery
lateral cricoarytenoid origin and insertion
arch of the cricoid cartilage
Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
lateral cricoarytenoid action
Process of the arytenoid, cartilage, anteriorly, which pivots the arytenoid cartilage and adducts the vocal folds
lateral cricoarytenoid innervation
Inferior laryngeal nerve from the recurrent laryngeal nerve a branch of the Vegas nerve
lateral cricoarytenoid artery
superior laryngeal artery, cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid artery
anterior scalene, origin and insertion
Transverse processes of vertebrae C3 to c6
First rib
Anterior scalene action
elevates the first rib, flexes neck laterally
Anterior scalene innervation
anterior rami of spinal nerves, C5 through 8
anterior scalene artery
Ascending cervical artery
middle scalene, origin and insertion
Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of vertebrae C5 to c7
Upper surface of the first rib
Middle scalene action
Elevates the first rib, flexes neck, laterally
Middle scalene innervation
Anterior rami of spinal nerves, C3 to C7
Middle scalene artery
Ascending cervical artery
posterior scalene, origin, and insertion
Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C5 to C7
Lateral surface of the second rib
Posterior scalene action
Elevates the second rib, flexes neck, laterally
posterior scalene innervation
Anterior rami of spinal nerves, C5 to C8
Posterior scalene artery
Ascending cervical artery
Levator scapulae, origin and insertion
C1 and C2, posterior tubercle of transverse processes of vertebrae, C3 and C4
Medial border of scapula – spine to the superior angle
Levator scapulae action
Elevate, medial part of scapula, which causes an inferior rotation of the glenoid cavity
Levator scapulae innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve C5
Levator scapulae artery
Dorsal scapular artery
sternocleidomastoid, origin and insertion
Sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium, clavicular head: medial 1/3 of the clavicle
Mastoid process in lateral half of the superior nuchal line
sternocleidomastoid action
Unilateral: laterally, flexes neck, turns face towards opposite side
Bilateral: elevates, thorax, extends neck at atlantooccipital joint, flexes, cervical vertebrae (chain approaches manubrium in supine position)
sternocleidomastoid innervation
Spinal accessory nerve (xi), with sensory supply from C3 and C4 (for proprioception)
Sternocleidomastoid artery
Sternocleidomastoid branch of occipital and superior thyroid arteries
Trapezius, origin and insertion
medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of vertebrae C7 to T12
Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and scapular spine
Trapezius action
Superior fibers elevate the scapula, inferior fibers depress, the scapula, the superior and inferior fibers together rotate the scapula superiorly, and the middle fibers retract the scapula
trapezius innervation
Spinal accessory nerve, CNXI, with sensory supply from C3 and C4 for proprioception
trapezius artery
Transverse cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery
