HCM II obj

Question 1

1. Define health health care and its focus and components

Answer 1

restore health or prevent exacerbation of health problems by focusing of sec and tert prevention made of facilities workforce therapeutic providers educational and research institutions and finance

Question 2

2. Describe how health care system success is judged

Answer 2

quality equity and efficiency

Question 3

3. Define the types of care

Answer 3

primary for prevention secondary for normal Tx tertiary for specialized Tx

Question 4

4. Describe the types of U.S. health care facilities including types of hospitals

Answer 4

inpt and outpt facilities typified by govt fed govt nonfed pvt nonprofit and pvt profit

Question 5

5. Describe trends for U.S. hospitals

Answer 5

increase in short term acute care hospt but over decrease in number of all hospt and beds

Question 6

6. Describe hospital structure and divisions administration medical division and committees

Answer 6

str is admin/medical/nursing/diag support. Admin is made of finance/personnel/services/PR/development. Medical div is made of depts by specialty/systems/radiology/pathology. Committees are exec/joint conf/credentialing/inf control/pharm/tissue/med records/QA/ethics/risk management

Question 7

7. List types of private for-profit health services enterprises

Answer 7

pharm/health insurance/nursing homes/managed care/proprietary gen hosp

Question 8

8. Describe not-for-profit and for-profit hospital structures

Answer 8

board of trustees/CEO/Pres/VP/owners

Question 9

9. Describe attributes of nursing homes

Answer 9

long term/palliative/rehab/mostly for profit/expensive

Question 10

10. Define Managed Care Organization (MCO)

Answer 10

network of contracted physicians w/ goal to decrease expense and increase profit/efficiency

Question 11

11. Describe attributes of ambulatory care and hospital emergency departments (EDs)

Answer 11

primary method of physician contact in a outpt setting/EDs are for critically ill and unjured pts and those w/o insurance/money/locality

Question 12

12. Describe functions of public health departments

Answer 12

focuses on prevention of diseases

Question 13

13. Describe the people (including physicians) who provide health care (jobs where employed)

Answer 13

physician/RN/LPN/Tech/Pharm/PA

Question 14

14. Describe the work of primary care physicians

Answer 14

initial provider and gatekeeper of medicine

Question 15

15. List and define the types of nurses

Answer 15

RN w/ BS or AS deg/LPN w/ HS deg/Nurse Aid w/ no deg

Question 16

16. Describe what a physician assistant does

Answer 16

mostly same as doc but needs oversight

Question 17

17. Explain where the federal government derives its powers regarding health care

Answer 17

US constitution via taxation and commerce reg

Question 18

18. Describe the type of power states have that permits them to regulate health care

Answer 18

police power which are county health dept and programs for mental hp and aged

Question 19

19. Describe the roles of the three branches of the U.S. government in health care

Answer 19

legis enacts laws/exec regs legis/judis determines constitutionality

Question 20

20. Know what federal agency roles are in health care

Answer 20

DHHS/DOD/VA/DA/EPA/DL all protects hp of citizens

Question 21

21. Define therapeutics

Answer 21

medical devices and pharm

Question 22

22. Know what is included in U.S. national health expenditures and the trends

Answer 22

hp consumptions exp/investments in med str/hp research/trend is NHE is growing but rate of growth is decreasing

Question 23

23. Describe sources for funding of the U.S. national health expenditures

Answer 23

OOP/health insurance/DOD/VA/charity

Question 24

24. Define and describe out-of-pocket expenditures

Answer 24

direct/extra pay/copay/deductibles

Question 25

25. Define and describe payment by third-party payers

Answer 25

payers not for pt/ptfam/hp prov are third pty/they are employ/insurance/MCO/WComp/govt

Question 26

26. Know the source for those covered by U.S. private health insurance and trends for coverage as of 2011

Answer 26

largest source is private insurance via employer/trend is decr of ppl w/ pvt hp ins in 2011

Question 27

27. Describe Medicare Medicaid and State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)

Answer 27

medicare is govt ins for elderly/ESRD/dsabled pts/medicaid is ins for needy and disabled/ SCHIP is for children w/o medicaid cov

Question 28

28. Define and know the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the U.S. health care system

Answer 28

voluntary non gov orgs that do rsch/services/lobby/govt tasks/ie. AHA/red cross/VNA

Question 29

29. Describe the levels that health care system performance can be measured

Answer 29

via micro or macro level/ ie hosp vs region or state

Question 30

30. Describe the criteria used to evaluate health care system performance

Answer 30

eval by quality/equity/efficiency

Question 31

31. Explain the trends in U.S. life expectancy at birth

Answer 31

as time goes on they are increasing

Question 32

32. Know common clinical outcomes measurements

Answer 32

hosp readmission/fxn after med intervn/long term pain after Tx/ifn during stay/5 year mortality after cancer/CHD

Question 33

33. Know the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) position on the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) (from handouts of AOA January 17 2011 and June 28 2012 statements regarding the PPACA)

Answer 33

incr prim care/decr SGR/tort reform

Question 34

34. Describe the public and private health insurance coverage impacts of the PPACA on patients (from AOA What Patients Should Know: Health Care Reform handout)

Answer 34

no limits/no dropping/everyone can get it/no more part d donut hole

Question 35

35. Know how the PPACA impacts physicians (from Doctors for America How Does Health Reform Impact Physicians? handout)

Answer 35

incr pay to PCP/gen surg/mental hp services by medicare and caid/more pay to rural/more pay for prevention/tort reform incentives