HCA 103 Flashcards
During an exchange of information, a message is sent:
From a sender to a receiver
How can non-verbal messages be sent from one person to another?
Facial expressions, gestures, posture, body movements, appearance, and eye contact.
Active listening
Face the client Eye contact/engage Lean toward the client/listen Open/positive Respond appropriately
Assertiveness
Thoughts and feelings are expressed positively and directly, without offending others.
Closed Questions
Questions that are structured so that the response can be restricted to one word such as yes or no.
Defence mechanisms
Denial Displacement Fantasizing Projection Rationalization Regression Repression Suppression Passive-aggressiveness Submissiveness
Denial
An unwillingness to accept the truth or a certain reality
Displacement
A transfer of feelings (usually of anger) onto another person or item instead of onto the person who is the source of the anger.
Empathetic Listening
A nonjudgmental technique that requires the listener to be attentive to the sender’s feelings.
Fantasizing
Daydreaming as an escape instead of dealing with reality.
Focusing
Limiting the conversation to a certain topic.
Interpersonal communication
The exchange of information between two people, usually face-to-face.
Nonverbal communication
Messages sent without words.
Open-ended questions
Questions that invite a person to share thoughts, feelings, or ideas.
Paraphrasing
Restating someone’s message in one’s own words.
Passive-aggressiveness
The practice of expressing negative emotions, resentment, or anger towards others through passive, indirect ways (such as through procrastination or manipulation) instead of by verbalizing feelings in an assertive manner.
Projection
Blaming someone else for one’s own behaviour.
Rationalization
Justifying a behaviour or action by explaining it as being less harmful or hurtful than it really is.
Regression
A return to an earlier developmental stage as a way to escape from stress.
Repression
The involuntary action of blocking painful memories from the conscious mind.
Submissiveness
A show of obedience, meekness, and compliance
Suppression
A conscious refusal to acknowledge a painful or upsetting situation.
Which factors can influence communication?
Perceptions Experience and confidence Physical and mental health Mood and emotions Values Beliefs and cultural influences Gender Age Electronic communication and social media
Perceptions
How a person views events and understands messages
To effectively communicate with words, you need to:
Choose your words carefully Be aware that emotions can effect your communications Use simple, everyday language Speak clearly, slowly, and distinctly Use visual clues Control the volume/tone of your voice Be brief and concise Present information in a logical manner Ask one question at a time Determine understanding Do not pretend to understand
Body language
Posture Appearance Facial expressions Body movements Eye contact Gestures
Non Verbal Communication
Body language
Touch
Silence
Functions of interpersonal communication
Gain info, build understanding, establishes identities
Functions of interpersonal communication
Gain info, build understanding, establishes identities
Which factors affect interpersonal communication?
Perceptions Experiences Physical and mental health Emotions Values Beliefs/cultural influences Gender Age
Describe the communication process
sender-receiver-message-feedback
What are the characteristics of effective communication?
Open, supportive, positive, understanding
Describe the 3 types of aphasia
- Expressive aphasia-inability to understand
- Receptive aphasia-inability to speak
- Global aphasia- inability to speak or understand
