HC Notes

Question 1

Percussion notes: Dull (5)

Answer 1

Pleural fluid.   
presence of hepatic tissue.   
consolidation.    
pleural thickening.   
Atelectasis.

Question 2

Percussion notes: Resonant

Answer 2

Normal lung.

Question 3

Percussion notes: Flat (2)

Answer 3

Pleural effusion.

Pneumonectomy.

Question 4

Percussion notes: Hyperresonant (2.5)

Answer 4

Pneumothorax.

COPD, Air trapping.

Question 5

Troponin (TnI)

Answer 5

0.0-0.1 ng/mL

Question 6

Troponin (TnT) [N, B, H]

Answer 6

N – (14-52 ng/L). – H

Question 7

Creatine phosphokinase (CPK)

Answer 7

150 U/L

Question 8

CPK-MB

Answer 8

3 ng/mL

Question 9

BMI [N, Ov, Ob]

Answer 9

N: 18.5.
Ov: 25.
Ob: 30.

Question 10

Sodium (Na)

Answer 10

137–147 mEq/L

Question 11

Potassium (K)

Answer 11

3.5–4.8 mEq/L

Question 12

Chloride (Cl–)

Answer 12

98–105 mEq/L

Question 13

Carbon dioxide (CO2) [Chemistry Lab]

Answer 13

25–33 mEq/L

Question 14

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 14

7–20 mEq/L

Question 15

Creatine

Answer 15

0.7–1.3 mg/dL

Question 16

Total protein

Answer 16

6.3–7.9 gm/dL

Question 17

Albumin

Answer 17

3.5–5.0 gm/dL

Question 18

Cholesterol

Answer 18

150–220 mg/dL

Question 19

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

Answer 19

130 mg/dL

Question 20

High-density lipoproteins (HDL)

Answer 20

30–75 mg/dL

Question 21

Glucose

Answer 21

3.9 to 5.5 mmol/L (above 7 * 2.8-3.8)

Question 22

(WHO) moments of hand hygiene (5)

Answer 22

Patient - Procedure Fluids - Patient - Surroundings

Question 23

hemidiaphragm :
1 - Eelevated
2 - Blunt (the costophrenic angles).
3 - Flat.

Answer 23

1 - phrenic nerve paralysis (left), hepatomegaly (right).
2 - Pleural effusions.
3- pneumothorax.

Question 24

Crescendo-decrescendo respirations followed by a period of apnea.

Answer 24

Cheyne-Stokes respiratory pattern.

heart failure, usually seen in sleep.

Question 25

Increased tidal volume with or without an increased respiratory rate.

Answer 25

Kussmaul respiratory pattern.
a form of hyperventilation
significant acidosis.
Late hyperventilation

Question 26

Regular deep respirations interspersed with periods of apnea

Answer 26

Biot respiratory pattern.
Brain insult.
opiate intoxication.

Question 27

HFNC indications: (4)

Answer 27

1. Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure.
2. COPD exacerbation / Chronic airway disease.
3. Pneumonia.
4. Pulmonary edema / Cardiogenic / Acute Heart Failure.

Question 28

HFNC contra-indications: (5)

Answer 28

1. PH < 7.25
2. Decrease LOC / Uncooperative patient.
3. Airway obstruction / high secretion production.
4. Facial injury, burn, or malformation.
5. Gastric surgeries.

** These are relative contraindications and Risk-Benefit shall be individualized.

Question 29

RBC (male & female)

Answer 29

(4.5 - 6) & (4 - 5) [*10^12/L]

Question 30

Hb (male & female)

Answer 30

(140 - 170) & (120 - 150) [g/L]

Question 31

Hct (male & female)

Answer 31

(45%) & (40%)

Question 32

MCV (Volume & size of 1 RBC)

Answer 32

78 - 94 fL.

Question 33

MCH (Hemoglobin content per RBC)

Answer 33

28 - 32 picograms

Question 34

MCHC (Hemoglobin content per RBC volume)

Answer 34

320 - 380 g/L

Question 35

RDW (Variation in sizes)

Answer 35

11 - 15 %

Question 36

WBC

Answer 36

4 - 11 [*10^9/L]

Question 37

Neutrophils

Answer 37

60%

Question 38

Lymphocytes

Answer 38

30%

Question 39

Monocytes

Answer 39

3 - 7 %

Question 40

Eosinophils

Answer 40

1 - 3

Question 41

Basophils

Answer 41

0 - 1 %

Question 42

Hemostasis (2 types)

Answer 42

1ry hemostasis: PLT. — 2ry hemostasis: B-globulin

Question 43

PLTs. = (Thrombocytes)

Answer 43

150,000 - 400,000 [critical 50k & 750k]

Question 44

Total Cholesterol [BH, H]

Answer 44

(BH: 200 - 5.2 ).

H: 240 -6.2

Question 45

LDL [BH, H ,VH]

Answer 45

(BH: 100 - 2.6 ).
(H: 160 - 4.1 ).
(VH: 190 - 4.9 ).

Question 46

HDL [OK, Best]

Answer 46

(O: 40 - 1 ).

Bst: 60 - 1.5

Question 47

Triglycerides [BH, H, VH]

Answer 47

(BH: 150 - 1.7 ).
(H: 200 - 2.3 ).
(VH: 500 - 5.6 ).