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spring 2014 > HBSE II > Flashcards

HBSE II Flashcards

1
Q

Aislinn wonders if the attack on New York on September 11 will impact the career goals of individuals who were adolescents at the time of the attack. This kind of question is one that best reflects a (n) _________ perspective

A

Life-course

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2
Q

The fact that George is worried about how the recession will impact his current job status is best associated with

A

individual timing of life events in relation to external historical events.

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3
Q

Multidirectionality, plasticity, historical context, and multiple-causation are all key features of the __________ perspective.

A

life-span

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4
Q

Dr, Mitchell is very interested in how individual participants’ behavior changes over time. If she wants to study this, she’ll have to do a (n) __________ study.

A

longitudinal

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5
Q

What is the correct order of Piaget’s stages of development?

A

Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.

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6
Q

The selective optimization with compensation model (soc) is primarily associated with the __________ perspective.

A

life-span

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7
Q

Which theorist is best associated with an ecological approach to human development?

A

Bronfenbrenner

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8
Q

Mary has only one child, 1-year-old Shelly, and has stayed at home during most of Shelly’s life. From an ecological perspective, Mary is best thought of as part of Shelly’s

A

microsystem

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9
Q

According to ecological theory, developmentalists, the people closest to a developing child represent their

A

microsystem

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10
Q

Which word is the best description of the meaning of the term “reliability?”

A

Consistency

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11
Q

The basic premise of _______ is that the consequence of a behavior determines the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future.

A

operant conditioning

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12
Q

Imitation is closely related to the concept of

A

observational learning

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13
Q

What type of theorist would most likely describe human cognitive development using the analogy of “mental software”?

A

An information processor

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14
Q

When asked to explain why children sometimes act violently, Dr. Zylar responds, “Generally speaking, these children are driven by conflicts between what they wish to do and what society wishes them to do.” It is most likely that Dr. Zylar would be a proponent of _______ theory.

A

psychodynamic

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15
Q

Sophie notices that children seem to develop socially much faster in Argentina than in the United States. Sophie is most likely to a support a ______ position regarding human development.

A

context- specific

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16
Q

Who developed social cognitive theory?

A

Bandura

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17
Q

What does not constitute a psychological force?

A

Heredity

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18
Q

Julio is interested in studying how family relationships affect development. Julio is probably most interested in studying __________ influences.

A

sociocultural

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19
Q

Sara believes that memory processes develop the same way in all children. Sara is most likely to support a __________ position regarding human development.

A

universal

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20
Q

Benoit is interested in studying the effects of various biological forces on human development. /Which of these topics is probably of least interest to him?

A

Cognition

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21
Q

Which term does not belong in this group?

A

Heredity

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22
Q

When Alfonso says, “It would have been tough to be a father at age 18, but being one at 28 is super,” he is noting the important role that __________ factors play in human development.

A

Life-cycle

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23
Q

What type of theorist would most likely describe human cognitive development using the analogy of “mental software?”

A

A social learning theorist

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24
Q

Which best describes the relationship between biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces in human development?

A

Interactive

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25
Q

The fact that a teen growing up during the Vietnam War will develop in a different manner than a teen growing up during the Iraq War is best explained in terms of

A

Historical Content

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26
Q

Imitation is most closely related to the concept of

A

Observational Learning

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27
Q

Because Dr. Jefferson is interested in researching how people of different ages are affected by events, it would be most accurate to say that Dr. Jefferson is most interested in studying __________ forces.

A

Life-Cycle

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28
Q

Richard has just been told by his physician that he should cut back on the amount of fat in his diet. His physician is most likely concerned about the high amount of __________ in Richard’s blood

A

low-density lipoproteins

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29
Q

The biggest point of contention among theories who vies intelligence as multidimensional concerns the debate over

A

the number of abilities that underlie intelligence.

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30
Q

__________ help keep your arteries clear

A

high-density lipoproteins

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31
Q

Kayla considers herself more than an adolescent but not yet fully an adult. This would qualify her as being in the state known as __________ adulthood.

A

emerging

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32
Q

In the United States about __________ of young adults ages 25-44 consume alcohol occasionally.

A

60%

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33
Q

The most likely sensory change between age 25 and 50 would involve

A

having trouble seeing things that are near.

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34
Q

The criteria for reaching adulthood is referred to as a role

A

Transition

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35
Q

Socioeconomic status and __________ are the two most important social influences.

A

Education

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36
Q

One of the most likely reasons for the typical developmental path for crystallized intelligence is that

A

Practice tends to improve performance

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37
Q

Stereotypes

A

Help us process information in social situations.

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38
Q

Which statement best exemplifies the concept of secondary control?

A

“When my job gets tough I will succeed with effort.”

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39
Q

Yacef suddenly finds himself newly married and out of school with a new job. Yacef is experiencing

A

role transitions

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40
Q

The implicit associations test was used by Hummert et al., 2002 to assess

A

implicit stereotyping

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41
Q

Who is best classified as being in the state of emerging adulthood?

A

Whitney, who is 25

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42
Q

Merlin believes that he can get what he wants if he tries hard enough. This indicates that he has a __________ sense of personal control.

A

a high

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43
Q

__________ tends to be most important domain for hoped-for and feared-for self in older age

A

Health

44
Q

A female growing up in a developing nation, Fifi’s transition to adulthood is most likely to be based on her ability to

A

procreate

45
Q

Fluid intelligence consist of abilities that

A

allow for more flexible and adaptive thinking

46
Q

Based on statistics, which of these 30 yr. old adults is most likely to die within a year?

A

Buster, an African American male

47
Q

__________ is a personal narrative that organizes past events into a cohesive sequence

A

Life story

48
Q

Binge drinking is when men have __________ and women have _________ drinks within 24 hrs.

A

5 or more, 4 or more

49
Q

The life-span construct represents

A

a unified sense of ones past, present, and future.

50
Q

Define secondary control; give an example.

A

Behavior or cognition aimed at affecting the individual’s internal world (believing that one is capable of success even when faced with challenges).

51
Q

Eric and Jon…

A

Eric and Jon find new friends

52
Q

Alfa and Darla are married and have decided not to have any children. They should expect to

A

be viewed negatively especially by women.

53
Q

The phrase “till death do you part,”…

A

Commitment

54
Q

Dylan has been divorced for five years…”…divorce___________.”

A

hangover

55
Q

Troy and Helen are both 55. They have been married 20 yrs. They have grown apart, are emotionally divorced, and essentially live as housemates. This is best described as

A

married singles

56
Q

The fact that Jerry and Elaine broke up… Murstein’s __________ stage…

A

values

57
Q

According to research presented in you text, what can be done to keep a marriage happy for a long time?

A

Be forgiving.

58
Q

Sheila is recently divorced woman who has custody of her two young daughters. Sheila’s biggest problems are most likely to be

A

financial

59
Q

The fact that Bert’s friend Ernie…_________dimension of friendship.

A

sociability

60
Q

Which of Deanna’s statements indicates…”battered woman’s syndrome.”

A

I cannot escape this abusive relationship

61
Q

Which best describes the typical pattern of marital satisfaction from honeymoon through retirement?

A

High to low to high.

62
Q

How has the median age of first marriage in the United States changed from 1970 to 2006?

A

It has risen by about 4 years

63
Q

People tend to have the most acquaintances/friends during

A

young adulthood

64
Q

Which might be characterized as a trial marriage?

A

premarital cohabitation.

65
Q

To qualify as “married singles” a couple must

A

live together.

66
Q

Compared to 1970, the number of cohabitating couples in the United States had __________ by the year 2000.

A

increased significantly

67
Q

Jim and Kim are a married couple with two children. Kim’s aunt Rita lives with them. This is known as a(n) __________ family.

A

extended

68
Q

The initial stage in friendship development is called

A

acquaintanceship

69
Q

Which of these would be properly classified as a macro-level reason for divorce?

A

different cultural values

70
Q

For most people the decision to remain permanently single is

A

the result of gradual circumstances not a lifestyle choice

71
Q

Singlehood is

A

increasing among African American and Latino American women

72
Q

When deciding on a new mate, Fletcher says, “I just need to find someone a lot like me.” This statement fits very well with __________ theory.

A

assortative mating

73
Q

The stages is friend ship development are

A

Acquaintanceship, buildup, continuation, deterioration, ending.

74
Q

A relationship characterized by a lifetime of marriage and characterized by little physical desire and no sharing of thoughts or feelings is best described as one of strong

A

commitment

75
Q

O’Leary (1993) argues that there is a continuum of behaviors toward a partner, which progresses as follows:

A

Verbally aggressive, physically aggressive, severe physically aggressive, and murder

76
Q

Jeremy has worked for the same marketing company for several years. Because has has not really put an effort into keeping his computer skill up-to-date, he really has no chance of advancing beyond his present position. Which term best describes what Jeremy is experiencing?

A

Career plateauing

77
Q

Beatrice simply has no energy left for her job. She is totally unmotivated and feels exploited by the company for which she works. She is best described as experiencing

A

Burnout

78
Q

According to Holland, people choose occupation that optimize

A

fit with their personality

79
Q

Gail is a work supervisor who is very supportive of her workers’ needs in regard to child care and other family issues. Because of this, it is likely that Gail’s workers will

A

report more job satisfaction

80
Q

In 2006, about ________ of CEO positions in the United States were filled by women

A

23%

81
Q

According to Hom and Kinicky (2001) study of job satisfaction, __________, should have the lowest job satisfaction.

A

Paul, whose job is interfering with his personal life

82
Q

As he has a same-ethnicity mentor, Chapell is likely to receive __________ than his friend Dave who has a mentor from another ethnic group

A

more psychosocial support

83
Q

How many of the following would be considered part of the Millennials: Billy -1970, Jilly- 1980, Dilly-1990, Milly- 2000?

A

2

84
Q

If he is like most alienated workers, Rocky would be most likely to explain his feelings about his job by saying,

A

My job is meaningless; I’m nothing more than a replaceable part

85
Q

During the cultivation phase of mentor relationship, mentors__________ protégés.

A

do their most work with

86
Q

Though Jenny has not decided on a career, she has taken a number of temporary jobs in hopes of finding something she really likes. Jenny is most likely in Supers __________ phase of development tasks

A

Implementation

87
Q

A typical wife would be shocked to see her husband

A

scrubbing the toilet

88
Q

Devin was born in 1950. She is best classified as part of the __________ generation.

A

baby boomer

89
Q

Bonnie and Clyde had a mentor-protégé relationship that lasted years. They now no longer view this as a mentor-protégé relationship but one of equal status colleagues. This suggest that their relationship is in the __________ phase.

A

redefinition

90
Q

Troy is a 55 yr. old worker who, despite having a very good work record, has been passed up for promotion many times in favor of younger workers with lesser records. Troy is most likely a victim of

A

age discrimination

91
Q

The “glass ceiling” for women is most pronounced in their inability to

A

rise to the highest level of management in a company.

92
Q

According to Lips-Weirsma (2003), which is not one of the four common meanings people derive from work?

A

Economic independence.

93
Q

Thelma and Louise have been mentor-protégé for 5 yrs. In the past few weeks they have begun to spend less time together. This suggests that they may have just entered the __________ phase of the mentoring relationship.

A

Separation

94
Q

According to Super, the most likely trigger for occupational evolution involves a change in

A

self-concept

95
Q

A woman in a nontraditional career would most likely be perceived as __________ by the average person.

A

cold or quarrelsome

96
Q

Which best exemplifies McCalls (2007) concept of “class inequality?”

A

Women making less than men in the same job.

97
Q

Super’s theory of occupational development places individuals along a continuum of

A

vocational maturity

98
Q

McGuyver is trapped in a room with seemingly no way out. While contemplating his escape he thinks about how part of the bed in the room could be used to make a helicopter. This practical thought is best classified as

A

A cognitive analysis

99
Q

Which of Diane’s traits would indicate that she is in a state of stagnation?

A

self-indulgent

100
Q

What is the major role of the kinkeeper?

A

Keeping family members in touch with one another

101
Q

Misha often experiences sever swelling and joint pain in her fingers and wrists each morning. This patter of symptoms is most likely due to

A

rheumatoid arthritis

102
Q

The notion of a midlife crisis is

A

common in the popular press and unsupported by research

103
Q

How is expert problem solving different from problem solving by a novice?

A

Novices follow more rules.

104
Q

Which term does not belong with the rest?

A

mechanics of intelligence

105
Q

If there were a phrase that would describe Stacy, it would be “laid back.” She rarely gets frustrated, coul care less about climbing the corporate ladder, and is satisfied taking life as it comes. Stacy is best described a exhibiting

A

Type B behavior

106
Q

Less than one percent of people can expect to live to be 100 years old

A

True

107
Q

I Barney is accurately described as being very even-tempered and unemotional, he would likely score very low on a test of

A

neuroticism

spring 2014 (2 decks)

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