HBSE II Flashcards
Aislinn wonders if the attack on New York on September 11 will impact the career goals of individuals who were adolescents at the time of the attack. This kind of question is one that best reflects a (n) _________ perspective
Life-course
The fact that George is worried about how the recession will impact his current job status is best associated with
individual timing of life events in relation to external historical events.
Multidirectionality, plasticity, historical context, and multiple-causation are all key features of the __________ perspective.
life-span
Dr, Mitchell is very interested in how individual participants’ behavior changes over time. If she wants to study this, she’ll have to do a (n) __________ study.
longitudinal
What is the correct order of Piaget’s stages of development?
Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.
The selective optimization with compensation model (soc) is primarily associated with the __________ perspective.
life-span
Which theorist is best associated with an ecological approach to human development?
Bronfenbrenner
Mary has only one child, 1-year-old Shelly, and has stayed at home during most of Shelly’s life. From an ecological perspective, Mary is best thought of as part of Shelly’s
microsystem
According to ecological theory, developmentalists, the people closest to a developing child represent their
microsystem
Which word is the best description of the meaning of the term “reliability?”
Consistency
The basic premise of _______ is that the consequence of a behavior determines the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future.
operant conditioning
Imitation is closely related to the concept of
observational learning
What type of theorist would most likely describe human cognitive development using the analogy of “mental software”?
An information processor
When asked to explain why children sometimes act violently, Dr. Zylar responds, “Generally speaking, these children are driven by conflicts between what they wish to do and what society wishes them to do.” It is most likely that Dr. Zylar would be a proponent of _______ theory.
psychodynamic
Sophie notices that children seem to develop socially much faster in Argentina than in the United States. Sophie is most likely to a support a ______ position regarding human development.
context- specific
Who developed social cognitive theory?
Bandura
What does not constitute a psychological force?
Heredity
Julio is interested in studying how family relationships affect development. Julio is probably most interested in studying __________ influences.
sociocultural
Sara believes that memory processes develop the same way in all children. Sara is most likely to support a __________ position regarding human development.
universal
Benoit is interested in studying the effects of various biological forces on human development. /Which of these topics is probably of least interest to him?
Cognition
Which term does not belong in this group?
Heredity
When Alfonso says, “It would have been tough to be a father at age 18, but being one at 28 is super,” he is noting the important role that __________ factors play in human development.
Life-cycle
What type of theorist would most likely describe human cognitive development using the analogy of “mental software?”
A social learning theorist
Which best describes the relationship between biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces in human development?
Interactive
The fact that a teen growing up during the Vietnam War will develop in a different manner than a teen growing up during the Iraq War is best explained in terms of
Historical Content
Imitation is most closely related to the concept of
Observational Learning
Because Dr. Jefferson is interested in researching how people of different ages are affected by events, it would be most accurate to say that Dr. Jefferson is most interested in studying __________ forces.
Life-Cycle
Richard has just been told by his physician that he should cut back on the amount of fat in his diet. His physician is most likely concerned about the high amount of __________ in Richard’s blood
low-density lipoproteins
The biggest point of contention among theories who vies intelligence as multidimensional concerns the debate over
the number of abilities that underlie intelligence.
__________ help keep your arteries clear
high-density lipoproteins
Kayla considers herself more than an adolescent but not yet fully an adult. This would qualify her as being in the state known as __________ adulthood.
emerging
In the United States about __________ of young adults ages 25-44 consume alcohol occasionally.
60%
The most likely sensory change between age 25 and 50 would involve
having trouble seeing things that are near.
The criteria for reaching adulthood is referred to as a role
Transition
Socioeconomic status and __________ are the two most important social influences.
Education
One of the most likely reasons for the typical developmental path for crystallized intelligence is that
Practice tends to improve performance
Stereotypes
Help us process information in social situations.
Which statement best exemplifies the concept of secondary control?
“When my job gets tough I will succeed with effort.”
Yacef suddenly finds himself newly married and out of school with a new job. Yacef is experiencing
role transitions
The implicit associations test was used by Hummert et al., 2002 to assess
implicit stereotyping
Who is best classified as being in the state of emerging adulthood?
Whitney, who is 25
Merlin believes that he can get what he wants if he tries hard enough. This indicates that he has a __________ sense of personal control.
a high
__________ tends to be most important domain for hoped-for and feared-for self in older age
Health
A female growing up in a developing nation, Fifi’s transition to adulthood is most likely to be based on her ability to
procreate
Fluid intelligence consist of abilities that
allow for more flexible and adaptive thinking
Based on statistics, which of these 30 yr. old adults is most likely to die within a year?
Buster, an African American male
__________ is a personal narrative that organizes past events into a cohesive sequence
Life story
Binge drinking is when men have __________ and women have _________ drinks within 24 hrs.
5 or more, 4 or more
The life-span construct represents
a unified sense of ones past, present, and future.
Define secondary control; give an example.
Behavior or cognition aimed at affecting the individual’s internal world (believing that one is capable of success even when faced with challenges).
Eric and Jon…
Eric and Jon find new friends
Alfa and Darla are married and have decided not to have any children. They should expect to
be viewed negatively especially by women.
The phrase “till death do you part,”…
Commitment
Dylan has been divorced for five years…”…divorce___________.”
hangover
Troy and Helen are both 55. They have been married 20 yrs. They have grown apart, are emotionally divorced, and essentially live as housemates. This is best described as
married singles
The fact that Jerry and Elaine broke up… Murstein’s __________ stage…
values
According to research presented in you text, what can be done to keep a marriage happy for a long time?
Be forgiving.
Sheila is recently divorced woman who has custody of her two young daughters. Sheila’s biggest problems are most likely to be
financial
The fact that Bert’s friend Ernie…_________dimension of friendship.
sociability
Which of Deanna’s statements indicates…”battered woman’s syndrome.”
I cannot escape this abusive relationship
Which best describes the typical pattern of marital satisfaction from honeymoon through retirement?
High to low to high.
How has the median age of first marriage in the United States changed from 1970 to 2006?
It has risen by about 4 years
People tend to have the most acquaintances/friends during
young adulthood
Which might be characterized as a trial marriage?
premarital cohabitation.
To qualify as “married singles” a couple must
live together.
Compared to 1970, the number of cohabitating couples in the United States had __________ by the year 2000.
increased significantly
Jim and Kim are a married couple with two children. Kim’s aunt Rita lives with them. This is known as a(n) __________ family.
extended
The initial stage in friendship development is called
acquaintanceship
Which of these would be properly classified as a macro-level reason for divorce?
different cultural values
For most people the decision to remain permanently single is
the result of gradual circumstances not a lifestyle choice
Singlehood is
increasing among African American and Latino American women
When deciding on a new mate, Fletcher says, “I just need to find someone a lot like me.” This statement fits very well with __________ theory.
assortative mating
The stages is friend ship development are
Acquaintanceship, buildup, continuation, deterioration, ending.
A relationship characterized by a lifetime of marriage and characterized by little physical desire and no sharing of thoughts or feelings is best described as one of strong
commitment
O’Leary (1993) argues that there is a continuum of behaviors toward a partner, which progresses as follows:
Verbally aggressive, physically aggressive, severe physically aggressive, and murder
Jeremy has worked for the same marketing company for several years. Because has has not really put an effort into keeping his computer skill up-to-date, he really has no chance of advancing beyond his present position. Which term best describes what Jeremy is experiencing?
Career plateauing
Beatrice simply has no energy left for her job. She is totally unmotivated and feels exploited by the company for which she works. She is best described as experiencing
Burnout
According to Holland, people choose occupation that optimize
fit with their personality
Gail is a work supervisor who is very supportive of her workers’ needs in regard to child care and other family issues. Because of this, it is likely that Gail’s workers will
report more job satisfaction
In 2006, about ________ of CEO positions in the United States were filled by women
23%
According to Hom and Kinicky (2001) study of job satisfaction, __________, should have the lowest job satisfaction.
Paul, whose job is interfering with his personal life
As he has a same-ethnicity mentor, Chapell is likely to receive __________ than his friend Dave who has a mentor from another ethnic group
more psychosocial support
How many of the following would be considered part of the Millennials: Billy -1970, Jilly- 1980, Dilly-1990, Milly- 2000?
2
If he is like most alienated workers, Rocky would be most likely to explain his feelings about his job by saying,
My job is meaningless; I’m nothing more than a replaceable part
During the cultivation phase of mentor relationship, mentors__________ protégés.
do their most work with
Though Jenny has not decided on a career, she has taken a number of temporary jobs in hopes of finding something she really likes. Jenny is most likely in Supers __________ phase of development tasks
Implementation
A typical wife would be shocked to see her husband
scrubbing the toilet
Devin was born in 1950. She is best classified as part of the __________ generation.
baby boomer
Bonnie and Clyde had a mentor-protégé relationship that lasted years. They now no longer view this as a mentor-protégé relationship but one of equal status colleagues. This suggest that their relationship is in the __________ phase.
redefinition
Troy is a 55 yr. old worker who, despite having a very good work record, has been passed up for promotion many times in favor of younger workers with lesser records. Troy is most likely a victim of
age discrimination
The “glass ceiling” for women is most pronounced in their inability to
rise to the highest level of management in a company.
According to Lips-Weirsma (2003), which is not one of the four common meanings people derive from work?
Economic independence.
Thelma and Louise have been mentor-protégé for 5 yrs. In the past few weeks they have begun to spend less time together. This suggests that they may have just entered the __________ phase of the mentoring relationship.
Separation
According to Super, the most likely trigger for occupational evolution involves a change in
self-concept
A woman in a nontraditional career would most likely be perceived as __________ by the average person.
cold or quarrelsome
Which best exemplifies McCalls (2007) concept of “class inequality?”
Women making less than men in the same job.
Super’s theory of occupational development places individuals along a continuum of
vocational maturity
McGuyver is trapped in a room with seemingly no way out. While contemplating his escape he thinks about how part of the bed in the room could be used to make a helicopter. This practical thought is best classified as
A cognitive analysis
Which of Diane’s traits would indicate that she is in a state of stagnation?
self-indulgent
What is the major role of the kinkeeper?
Keeping family members in touch with one another
Misha often experiences sever swelling and joint pain in her fingers and wrists each morning. This patter of symptoms is most likely due to
rheumatoid arthritis
The notion of a midlife crisis is
common in the popular press and unsupported by research
How is expert problem solving different from problem solving by a novice?
Novices follow more rules.
Which term does not belong with the rest?
mechanics of intelligence
If there were a phrase that would describe Stacy, it would be “laid back.” She rarely gets frustrated, coul care less about climbing the corporate ladder, and is satisfied taking life as it comes. Stacy is best described a exhibiting
Type B behavior
Less than one percent of people can expect to live to be 100 years old
True
I Barney is accurately described as being very even-tempered and unemotional, he would likely score very low on a test of
neuroticism
