HB-cognitive and moral development

Question 1

Ages 0-2 is what stage of Piaget?

Answer 1

sensorimotor

Question 2

Ages 2-7 is what stage of piaget?

Answer 2

preoperational

Question 3

What are characteristics of the sensorimotor (0-2) piaget stage?

Answer 3

rudimental thought, object permanence

Question 4

Age 0-2 is what stage of kohlberg?

What are the characteristics of this stage?

Answer 4

preconventional morality (stage 1 and stage 2)
punishment avoidant
obey rules for personal gain

Question 5

Do children lack intelligence?

Answer 5

no they lack the ability to think the way an adult does

Question 6

Age 2-7 is what stage of kohlberg?

What are the characteristics of this stage?

Answer 6

Conventional Morality
Stage 3
Stage 4
Good Boy / Good Girl – Obey rules for approval
Obey rules to maintain social order

Question 7

Age 7-12 is what stage of Piaget

What are the characteristics of this stage?

Answer 7

Concrete operational
Concepts attached to concrete situations. Time, space, and quality are understood and can be applied, but not applied as independent concepts

Question 8

Age 12+ is what stage of Piaget

What are the characteristics of this stage?

Answer 8

Formal Operational

Theoretical, hypothetical and counter factual thinking. Abstract logic and reasoning.

Question 9

Age 12+ is what stage of Kohlberg

What are the characteristics of this stage?

Answer 9

Post Conventional Morality
Stage 5
Stage 6
Rules are obeyed if they are impartial, democratic rules are challenged if they infringe of the rights of others
The individual establishes his or her own rules in accordance with a personal set of ethical principals

Question 10

What are these:
children have intelligence
discrete stages of development (qualitative differences)
progressive reorganization of mental processes as chldren grow

Answer 10

Piagets basic concepts

Question 11

What are these:
The basic building blocks of intelligent behavior
a set of linked mental representations of the world, which we use both to understand and to respond to situations
Scripts

Answer 11

schema

Question 12

What kind of schema do newborns have?

Answer 12

innate (sucking, grasping rooting)

Question 13

What are the three things that are used to adapt to the world?

Answer 13

assimilate
accommodate
equilibrium

Question 14

what is this:

Using existing schema to deal with new information

Answer 14

assimilation

Question 15

What is this:

when the existing schema (knowledge) does not work, and needs to be changed to deal with a new object or situation.

Answer 15

accommodation

Question 16

What is this:

When a child’s schema can deal with new information through assimilation. Force which drives development and leaning

Answer 16

equilibrium

Question 17

(blank) occurs when information cannot fit into an existing schema through assimilation.

Answer 17

Disequilibrium

Question 18

What is this:
Reflexes – repeat acts which get needs met
Egocentrism
Basic feelings – sad, happy
Magical Thinking
Object permanence achieved around 8 months

Answer 18

Piagets theory:

sensorimotor (birth-2 years)

Question 19

What is this:
mentally represent events and objects (the semiotic function), and engage in symbolic play. Their thoughts and communications are typically egocentric (i.e. about themselves).
Can only focus on one aspect of problem
Hasn’t mastered conservation
Magical Thinking

Answer 19

Piagets theory;

preoperational (2-7 years)

Question 20

When does object permanence (recognition that if something isn’t in their vision, it is still present in the world) get achieved?

Answer 20

8 months

Question 21

What is this:
Beginning of logical thought
Mastery of conservation and classification
Seriation 
Concrete problem solving

Answer 21

concrete operational (7-12)

Question 22

What is this:
Capable of abstraction
Thought is flexible

Answer 22

Formal Operational (12 – adult)

Question 23

(blank) believed Moral Development continued beyond childhood

Answer 23

kohlberg

Question 24

(blank) are constantly moving forward unless the development is impeded by something

Answer 24

children

Question 25

Once children move forward they cannot go back according to paiget T or F?

Answer 25

T

Question 26

What are the three stages of moral development

Answer 26

Preconventional
conventional
postconventional

Question 27

What are the 2 stages of preconventional morality (0-2 up to 9) ?

Answer 27

Stage 1 (obedience and punishment driven)
Stage 2 (self interest driven)

Question 28

What stage does this belong to:
heteronomous – strict adherence to rules with an inability to see another’s perspective
Rules are obeyed to avoid punishment
Focused on direct consequences of actions

Answer 28

Stage 1 of preconventional morality

obedience and punishment driven

Question 29

What stage does this belong to:
Follow rules for personal gain (reward)
 Beginning to see another’s perspective
Trading for what they want
Does what they perceive as best

Answer 29

Stage 2 of preconventional morality

self interest driven

Question 30

What is conventional morality?

Answer 30

satisfaction of own needs, desire to please others-intent “i didnt mean to”

Question 31

What is preconventional morality?

Answer 31

the egocentric perspective, concrete

Question 32

What are the 2 stages of conventional morality?

Answer 32

stage 3 -> interpersonal accord and conformity driven

stage 4 -> authority and social order obedience driven

Question 33

What are the characteristics of stage 3 of conventional morality?

Answer 33

“Good Girl / Good Boy”
Focused on meeting social expectations – rule obeyed for approval
Opinions shaped by family rather than society
Beginning of empathy and trust and love
“right, mom?”

Question 34

What are the characteristics of stage 4 of conventional morality?

Answer 34

Consider general society and follow laws
Beyond need for approval
struggle when societal laws conflict with basic human rights
Deal with breaking law or conform

Question 35

What is this a priniciple of:
People make decisions separate from society
Follow their own guidelines
view rules as useful but changeable mechanisms—ideally rules can maintain the general social order and protect human rights
post-conventional individuals elevate their own moral evaluation of a situation over social conventions, their behavior, especially at stage six, can be confused with that of those at the pre-conventional level

Answer 35

postconventional morality

Question 36

What are the two stages of postconventional morality?

Answer 36

stage 5 -> social contract driven

stage 6-> universal ethical principals driven

Question 37

What are these principles of:
World holds different rights and laws and all should be respected
Laws are social contracts and those that are not for the greater good (helping the greatest number of people) should be changed
The basis of a Democratic government

Answer 37

stage 5 social contract driven of postconventional morality

Question 38

What are these principals of:
Laws are valid only insofar as they are grounded in justice, and a commitment to justice carries with it an obligation to disobey unjust laws
Decisions are made on a case by case basis based upon empathy
the individual acts because it is right, and not because it is instrumental, expected, legal, or previously agreed upon

Answer 38

stage 6 of postconventional morality

universal ehtical principals driven