hazmat incident Flashcards
Resources available to evaluate the hazardous characteristics of a material:
MSDS
Contacts with a chemical manufacture or shipper
Representatives from local, state, and federal agency
Responsible Party:
The persons responsible for the release of any material or those who are in possession of a container which the release originates
All materials that could potentially harm people, property, or the environment:
Hazardous materials
Violent release of mechanical, chemical, or nuclear energy from a confined region:
Explosives
Under pressure, flammable, unstable, toxic, corrosive, and oxidizing:
Compressed gases
A liquid with a flash point below 100F and A liquid with a flash point above 100F
Flammable and Combustible liquids
Any solid material, other than an explosive, that is likely to cause fire through friction or retained heat from manufacturing or processing, or that can be readily ignited:
Flammable Solid
A substance that yields oxygen, readily decomposes to yield oxygen when heated and therefore may react easily with other hazardous material:
Oxiders
A substance that causes injury, illness, or death to living tissue by chemical activity:
Poisons
Particles traveling in wavelike motions.
Radioactive material
Any material that will attack and destroy by chemical action any living tissue with which it comes in contact.
Corrosives
“A substance or material that the Secretary of Transportation has determined is capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce”
49 CFR 171.8 defines Hazardous Material
“the category of hazard assigned to a hazardous material”
49 CFR 171.8 Hazard Class
Hazard Class 1
Explosives
Hazard Class 2
Gases
Hazard Class 3
Flammable and Combustible liquids
Hazard Class4
Flammable solids, spontaneously combustible material, dangerous when went
Hazard Class 5
Oxidizers
Hazard Class 6
Poisons material and infectious substance
Hazard Class 7
Radioactive material
Hazard Class 8
Corrosives material
Hazard Class 9
Miscellaneous hazardous material
A material may meet the defining criteria for more than one hazard class, but is assigned to only one hazard class.
Predetermine criterion known as Precedence of Hazard Table, 49 CFR 173.1
The assigned class is also referred to as the
Primary Hazard, additional dangers are referred as subsidiary hazards
The Occupation Safety and Health Administration Standard 29 CFR 1910.1200 entitled “Hazardous Communication” uses the term: Hazardous Chemical
As any chemical which is a physical hazard or health hazard
“Chemicals for which there is significantly valid evidence that combustible liquid, compress gases, explosive, flammable, organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable or water reactive”
Physical Hazard
“Chemical for which there are statically significant evidence based on at least one study conducted established scientific principles that acute or chronic health effects may occur in exposed employees”
Health Hazard
Applies to “any chemical which is known to be present n the workplace in such that employees may be exposed under normal conditions of use or in a foreseeable emergency”
29 CFR 1910.1200
An Employer at a fixed facility is not required by OSHA Hazard Communication Standard to provide a ______- ____ with ______, since he is not an employee of that facility.
First Responder
MSDS
Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
29 CFR 1910.120
Any substance listed by the US Department of Transportation as hazardous material in 49 CFR 172.101, includes only those materials which DOT as has designated as hazardous materials for the purpose of transportation.
Hazardous Substance
Under the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA), owners or operators of facilities that use certain chemicals are required to submit copies of ______ to the local emergency planning committees and ____ _____ with jurisdiction for the facility. This law uses the term _______ ______.
MSDS
Fire Departments
Hazardous Chemical
First Responders “who respond to releases or potential releases of hazardous substances as part of initial response to the site for the purpose of protecting nearby persons, property, or the environment from effects of the release”
Operations level
Responders “who are likely to witness or discover a hazardous substance release and who have been trained to initiate an emergency response sequence by notifying proper authorities of the release”
Awareness Level
Individuals who are trained to “respond to releases or potential releases for the purpose of stopping the release. They assume a more aggressive role than a first responder at the operations level”
Technician
Those who “respond with and provide support to hazardous material technicians”
Specialist
Important actions a first responder must do from a safe distance:
- Identify the materials involved and assessing potential harm
- Isolate affected areas ands deny entry
- Account for all personnel who may have been exposed
- Provide medical care and decon those exposed
- Protect persons from potential exposure
Three distinct steps of material cleanup:
Removal of the waste material
Disposal of the waste material
Restoration of the waste material
Factors that must be considered when exposures in proximity to the scene could adversely be affected by a chemical release:
Population density Location of highways Waterways Railroads Environmentally sensitive areas
Hazardous material release can migrate in several way :
Downhill on a slope, especially on hard paved surfaces
Seepage underground on a soft surface
Liquids or solids entering body of water or sewer system
Vapors, gases, mist, and dust affected by air currents
