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Section 7 > HazMat Exposure > Flashcards

HazMat Exposure Flashcards

1
Q

In the case of a WMD, what is the primary concerns for all personnel

A

Scene safety & stage at a safe distance

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2
Q

The protocol covers exposure to what

A

a. Chemical
b. Biological
c. Radiological
d. Agents

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3
Q

A color code is assigned to each protocol in what section

A

Chemical section

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4
Q

If risk of exposure from fumes is high who should be contacted

A

HazMat team

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5
Q

All patient who have been exposed must be _____ prior to initiation of treatment and transport

A

Decontaminated

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6
Q

What is the minimum PPE for treatment outside if level A was worn in the hazardous area

A

Level C

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7
Q

Methylene chloride is converted inside the body to what chemical

A

Carbon Monoxide

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8
Q

What gas can be liberated when Freon or chlorinated compounds are heated

A

Phosgene (CG)

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9
Q

What drug is used to treat Hydrogen Sulfide exposures

A

Sodium Nitrite

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10
Q

What does DNB stand for

A

Dinitrobenzene

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11
Q

DNB is explosive, and is detonated by

A

Heat or shock

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12
Q

What does DNB cause in the body

A

Methemoglobinemia

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13
Q

What is the potential lethal dose of Ethylene Glycol

A

100 mL (1.0-1.5 mL/kg)

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14
Q

Phase 1 of ethylene glycol

A

(30 mins - 12 hrs)

a. Ethanol-like inebriation
b. Metabolic acidosis
c. Seizures
d. Coma

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15
Q

Phase 2 of ethylene glycol

A

(12 to 36 hrs)

a. Tachycardia
b. Tachypnea
c. Hypertension
d. PE

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16
Q

Phase 3 of ethylene glycol

A

(36 to 48 hrs)

a. Crystalluria
b. Acute tubular necrosis w/ olinguria - renal failure

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17
Q

Fluoride is fatal even if exposure is due to dilute solutions of

A

less than 3%

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18
Q

Contact with as little as what solution of HF can cause death

A

7 mL of 100%

19
Q

Nitrogen products change Fe2 to what

A

Fe3 (methemoglobinemia)

20
Q

Phenol is also known as

A

Carbolic acid

21
Q

Dilute concentrations of 1-2% of Phenol may cause

A

Severe burns

22
Q

What chemical are treated under the Yellow guide

A

Acids & Acid mists
Alkaline compounds
Ammonia (liquid/gas)
Chlorine gas & Phosgene (CG)
Methylene biphenyl isocyanate, Ethyl isocyanate, Methylene dilsocyanate (MDI)
Mustard (sulfur mustard): Lewisite, blister agents (H, HD, HS)

23
Q

ALS level 1 for Yellow guide

A

Wheezing - Breathing treatment (ped. total 3 doses)

Inhaled chlorine/HCl - Sodium Bicarb 3ml mixed 3ml NS

24
Q

What chemical are treated under the Blue guide

A 
Aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene)
Arsenic compounds (heavy metals)
Carbon monoxide
Chlorinated hydrocarbons (methylene chloride)
25
Q

ALS level 1 for Gray guide

A

SOB w/ chocolate blood: Methylene Blue - (1%) 1-2 mg/kg slow IV over 5 mins followed by 30 mL NS flush

26
Q

ALS level 2 for Gray guide

A

SOB continues: Methylene Blue - (1%) 1-2 mg/kg slow IV over 5 mins followed by 30 mL NS flush

27
Q

What chemical are treated under the Green guide

A

Carbamates: insecticide poisoning
Organophosphates: insecticides & nerve (GA,GB,GD,GF,VX)

28
Q

ALS level 1 for Green guide

A

1-4 patients:
Atropine - Adult: 0.03 mg/kg IV (2mg/70kg) (Ped: 0.05 mg/kg max. 3 mg) repeat ever 5 mins until symptoms stop
Organophosphate: 2PAM - 1-2g in 100mL NS IV drip over 30 mins (severe case: max. rate of 200 mg/min or 1g/5mins)

5-more patients:
Admins. DuoDote

29
Q

What chemical are treated under the Red guide

A

Cyanide: HCN, Hydrocyanic Acid (AC), Cyanogen chloride (CK)
Hydrogen sulfide, Mercaptans
Azides

30
Q

ALS level 1 for Red guide

A

Unconscious: Sodium Bicarb - 1 mEq/kg IV
Cyanokit
Hydrogen Sulfide: Sodium Nitrite - 10mL of 3% over 2 mins (300mg)

31
Q

What percent of circulating hemoglobin is converted to methemoglobin when Sodium Nitrite is admins.

A

20%

32
Q

Additional doses of Sodium Nitrite should only be done when

A

Once methemoglobin blood analysis is done

33
Q

Who is authorized to treat Hydrogen Sulfide exposures

A

Rescue supervisor & HazMat team paramedic

34
Q

What chemical are treated under the Pink guide

A

Ethylene glycol

Methanol

35
Q

ALS level 1 for Pink guide

A

Lungs clear: NS 100mL/h IV

2x Normal Resp. rate: Sodium Bicard - 1-2 mEq/kg IV

36
Q

What chemical are treated under the Orange guide

A

HF

Vicane

37
Q

ALS level 1 for Orange guide

A

Burns to eyes: Calcium gluconate (10%) - 50mL/500mL NS

Burns to skins: Calcium gluconate (10%) - 10mL/2oz KY (2.5% gel) place in glove

Inhalation: Calcium gluconate (2.5%) - 1 mL/3mL NS Neb. (Severe: (10%) 1-2g slow IV over 5 mins)

38
Q

ALS level 2 for Orange guide

A

Systemic symptoms persist: Calcium gluconate (10%) - 1-2g slow IV over 5 mins (Ped: 100mg/kg max. 1g IV over 5 mins)

39
Q

What chemical are treated under the Purple guide

A

Ketones

Phosphine

40
Q

What chemical are treated under the White guide

A

Phenol (carbolic acid)

41
Q

Supportive care for white guide

A

Vegetable oil to exposed skin

Isopropyl alcohol: very small burns only

42
Q

Supportive care for Red/Gray/Purple guide

A

Activated charcoal - 1g/kg max. 50g PO for ingestion

43
Q

What chemicals are treated in the Gray guide

A

DNB

Nitrogen products

Section 7 (1 decks)

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