Hazmat Flashcards
5 types of toxic atmospheres
Flammable environments
Oxygen enriched
Low oxygen
Toxic
High temperatures
Radioactive
Particulates
Describe gas
Gases are substances which are to volatile to exist as a liquid at typical air temperatures and pressures.
Hydrogen, methane, acetylene, propane
Describe a vapour
Vapours are generally the evaporative product of volatile liquids.
Petrol, styrene, ethanol
Describe aerosols
Aerosols are a system of very small solid particles or liquid droplets dispersed in the atmosphere.
Dusts, smoke, mists and fumes
Describe flammability range
The concentration range of gas or vapour when an ignition source is present. Between LEL and UEL.
What is acceptable O2 levels
19.5-23.5 v/v%
LEL?
The lowest concentration of a gas or vapour in the air that will burn or explode if an ignition source is present.
UEL?
The highest concentration of the flammability range of a substance that will burn or explode if an ignition source is present.
Describe exposure standards
Given values to indicate when the concentration of a product in an atmosphere is safe, unsafe or dangerous.
TWA?
Time, weighted, average
The average concentration value for a substance that a worker can be exposed to for 8 hours a day, 5 days a week with no short or long term harm.
STEL?
Short term exposure limit
The guidelines for short term exposure of a substance for 15 minutes x 4 with 1 hour break in between rounds without any harm to health or worker.
PLV?
Peak limitation value
A concentration if exceeded indicates the atmosphere is considered occupationally unacceptable.
What is odder threshold?
The minimum concentration at which a substance can be smelled.
IDLH?
Immediate danger to life and health
An atmosphere concentration of any substance that poses immediate threat to life, or adverse health effects or would interfere with someone’s ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere.
Describe acute and chronic?
Acute- a single large dose that could cause death or server adverse health effects
Chronic- repeated small exposures that could cause death or adverse health outcomes long term.
Describe bump and calibration tests.
Bump test is performed on first day shift to confirm the accuracy of the detector readings.
Calibration ensures the figures are accurate.
Support agencies to the ACTF&R?
ACTAS
Department of defence
Icon
ACTEW
SES
ACT roads
ACT police
Work safe
Zinfra
Describe hazardous materials
Hazardous materials incorporate dangerous goods and hazardous substances. Hazardous to health and safety. Defined by legislation.
Locations of hazardous materials
Chemical plants
Transport depots
Manufacturing facilities
Hospitals
University’s
Laboratory’s
4 main hazardous material properties
Toxic
Corrosive
Reactive
Flammable
4 ways toxic substances enter the body
Injection
Ingestion
Absorbed
Inhalation
ANZERG and where to find it?
Australia New Zealand Emergency response guide
Red hazmat satchel on pumper behind SO seat.
IPICDM?
I- identify the hazard
P- choose appropriate PPE
I- isolate the area
C- contain the substance
D- decontamination
M-monitor the incident
4 levels of decontamination
Level 1- emergency decontamination
Level 2- emergency services decontamination
Level 3- mass decontamination
Level 4- bulk decontamination
Containment techniques?
Damming
Dyking
Redirecting
Containment
Termination
Retention
Sealing leaks
Plugging
Mass decontamination casualties principle
Wet, strip, wash, cover
Considerations when sitting Decon
Weather
Wind
Topography
Location of water supplies
Proximity to incident
Drains and water ways
Appliance placement
