Hazmat

Question 1

Types of Hazardous Atmospheres

Answer 1

Flammable environments
Oxygen enrich environments
Low oxygen environments
Toxic Chemicals
High temperatures
Radioactive environments
Particulates (dusts)

Question 2

Describe a Gas and Examples

Answer 2

Gases are substances that are too volatile to exist as a liquid or solid at typical air temperatures and pressures.

Gases can be liquefied if their temperature is decreased and/or the external pressure acting on them is increased.

hydrogen (H2), helium (He), methane (CH4)

Question 3

Describe a Vapour and examples

Answer 3

Vapours are generally the evaporative product of volatile

acetone, petrol, benzene, styrene, and ethanol.

Question 4

3 Units of measurements

Answer 4

Oxygen Levels - Volume % = V/V%
Flammability - % of LEL
Toxicity - Parts per million = PPM

Question 5

What is the acceptable range O2

Answer 5

19.5% - 23.5%
Oxygen outside of this range is considered Hazardous

Question 6

Describe UEL

Answer 6

Highest concentration of a gas or vapor in air that can burn or explode if ignited

Question 7

Describe LEL

Answer 7

Lowest concentration of a gas or vapor in the air that can ignite and burn

Question 8

Describe Exposure Standards

Answer 8

Time-Weighted Average (TWA)
- An averaged concentration workers may be repeatedly exposed to without adverse effect.
Based on 8-hour working day, 5-day working week.

Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL)
- A concentration to which workers can be exposed for up to 15 minutes, four times a day, with at least an hour break in-between without suffering irritation, irreversible tissue damage or narcosis.

Peak Limitation Value (PLV)
-A concentration that, if exceeded, indicates the atmosphere is considered occupationally unacceptable

Question 9

4 Main routes of Exposure

Answer 9

Inhalation
Ingestion
Absorption
Injection

Question 10

What is Odour Threshold

Answer 10

Level at which you can smell a hazard

Question 11

What is LDHL

Answer 11

Immediate Danger to Life and Health is an atmospheric concentration that
poses an immediate threat to life
or would cause irreversible or delayed adverse health effects
or would interfere with an individual’s ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere

Question 12

What is acute toxicity

Answer 12

Acute toxicity describes the adverse effects of a substance that result from a single exposure or from multiple exposures in a short period of time (typically less than 24 hours)

• Burns
• Vomiting
• Dizziness
• Central nervous system
  damage

Question 13

What is chronic toxicity

Answer 13

Chronic toxic effects cause long term health damage, typically after repeated exposure to low concentration levels. Generally, workers notice little or no health impairment at the time, with major health problems presenting themselves months or years later

• Cancer
• Birth defects
• Respiratory diseases
• Dermatitis
• Cirrhosis of the liver

Question 14

What is 1% in PPM?

Answer 14

1% = 10,000 ppm
10% = 100,000 ppm

Question 15

The Microrae table

Question 16

Explain Bump Test

Answer 16

First dayshift and as a part of a six monthly service to confirm the accuracy of the detectors readings

Question 17

Explain Calibration of Microrae

Answer 17

Performed as a part of an annual service schedule, where the monitor is returned to the manufacturer for sensor testing and calibration. A monitor that fails challenge/bump tests will also be returned for calibration

Question 18

Supporting Agencies of Hazmat incidents

Answer 18

ACTAS
AFP
Environment Protection Agency (ACT)
WorkSafe
CROIERG
ActewAGL
ICON Water
Zinfra (Natural Gas)
Technical Specialist
State Emergency Service
Department of Defence
Roads ACT

Question 19

Locations Hazardous Materials are found

Answer 19

• Transport vehicles carrying materials (ranging from petrol to toxic chemicals);
• Chemical plants;
• Transport depots;
• Manufacturing facilities;
• Potentially hazardous enterprises (such as electroplating works);
• Hospitals;
• Universities
• Laboratories.

Question 20

Hazardous materials can present a number hazards, such as

Answer 20

Toxic
Flammable
Corrosive
Reactive

Question 21

Where can you find the ANZERG book?

Answer 21

Red Sachel for Hazmat in the appliance

Question 22

What are the 9 Classes of Explosive goods?

Answer 22

Class 1 Explosives
Class 2 Gases (Flammable, Non-Flammable Compressed, Toxic)
Class 3 Flammable Liquids
Class 4 Flammable Solids
Class 5 Oxidising Substances and Organic Peroxides
Class 6 Toxic and Infectious Substances
Class 7 Radioactive Material
Class 8 Corrosive Substances
Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances

Question 23

List 8 sections of a SDS

Question 24

4 General precautions at a Hazmat Incident

Answer 24

• Look for the HAZCHEM sign
• Identify the materials from a distance (use binoculars)
• During identification, remember that spelling and product details are crucial
• Do not guess – only use the information that is at hand

Question 25

What are the Control Zones?

Answer 25

Hot zone
Warm zone
Cold zone

Note: The actual layout of the zones will be determined by wind direction, topography and the physical layout of the site.

Question 26

Describe the Hot zone

Answer 26

The hot zone is identified as an area of isolation where contaminant levels are considered sufficiently high to threaten life and safety. Only personnel equipped with the appropriate PPE and other equipment may enter.

Question 27

Describe the Warm zone

Answer 27

The warm zone is identified as an area of immediately surrounding the hot zone and is where decontamination commences. Near the boundary of the hot zone contaminants may still be at a level that can pose an exposure risk to unprotected personnel.

Question 28

Describe the Cold zone

Answer 28

The cold zone is a support area immediately surrounding the warm zone. Access to the cold zone is restricted to support agencies. Site control, casualty treatment area and marshalling/assembly areas are generally established in the cold zone.