Hazards - Key terms Flashcards
What is a natural hazard?
Events that are seen as a threat to people, the built environment and the natural environment. They occur in atmosphere, lithosphere and the hydrosphere
What is a disaster?
When humans are affected by a hazard
What is a hazard?
Something that is a potential threat to human life / property
What 6 factors influence people’s perception of natural hazards?
1 - Socio-economic status,
2 - Level of education,
3 - Occupation/employment status
4 - Religion, cultural/ethnic background
5 - Family and marital status
6 - Past experience
What is fatalism?
The idea that hazards can’t be avoided so must be accepted
What is risk sharing? (5)
Collaberative efforts of the community to reduce the risk of a hazard through:
1 - Public education and awareness programme
2 - Evacuation procedures
3 - The provision of emergency medical supplies
4 - Insurance
What is adaptation?
Communites/people adjusting their living conditions to reduce their vulnerability to a hazard
What does the sucess of the attempts to manage a hazard depend on? (3)
1 - Hazard incidence( how oftne the hazard occurs)
2 - Magnitude
3 - Level of development
What hazards are most destructive?
Low incidence, high magnitude
What are the main phases in the parks response model? (5)
1 - Pre-disaster - preparation
2 - Disruption - directly after hazard there is loss to life and property damage
3 - Relief - emergncy care to preserve life
4 - Rehabilitation - Resolve longer term problems to help return things to normal
5 - Reconstruction - Buildings either built to same or higher standard
How can the parks model allow planners to prepare?
Help planners predict what resources will be needed at each stage
What are the four phase in the hazard managment cycle? (5)
Stages authorities go through to manage hazards:
1 - Mitigation - This can happen before or after a hazrad occurs
2 - Prepardness - Planning Response
3 - Response - How services/people react when the hazard occurs
4 - Recovary - Returning things to normal
