Hazards caused by earthquakes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is liquefaction and what happens during it?

A
  • vibrations of smaller particles causing ground shaking & displacement
  • foundations give way
  • riverbanks collapse
  • structures tilt & sink
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2
Q

How are landslides & avalanches caused and what effects do they cause?

A
  • caused by slope failure
  • effects mountainous regions e.g. Himalayan range
  • can block transport routes
  • can create temporary lakes (Quake lakes) which can breach and flood areas downstream.
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3
Q

What are tsunamis and how do they occur?

A
  • river bed rises
  • displaces water above
  • creates powerful waves on the surface
  • typical wave height 1m (increases nearer the shore) & wavelength of 200km
  • caused by under-water earthquakes or ocean landslides
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