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HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL AND LUBRICANTS > HAZARDS AND LUBES > Flashcards

HAZARDS AND LUBES Flashcards

1
Q

True or False. Chemical is considered hazardous if it can negatively affect the health of people or the environment.

A

True

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2
Q

Chemicals that can cause cancer

A

Carcinogens

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3
Q

Chemicals that can cause damage to fetus

A

Teratogens

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4
Q

Chemical that can be lethal in high enough dosage

A

Toxins

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5
Q

Chemicals that cause visible destruction of living tissue at the site of contact

A

Corrosives

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6
Q

Chemicals that can cause eversible inflammatory effects on living tissue at the site of contact

A

Irritants

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7
Q

Cause an allergic reaction after repeated exposure to this chemical

A

Sentisizers

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8
Q

What are the four routes that chemical can enter your body

A
  1. ABSORPTION/SKIN AND EYE CONTACT
  2. INHALATION
  3. INGESTION/SWALLOWING
  4. INJECTION
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9
Q

It is a unique numeric identifier code assigned to a substance when it enters the CAS Registry Database

A

Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Number

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10
Q

A system for standardizing and harmonizing the classification and labelling of chemical

A

GHS

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11
Q

The inherent characteristics of a chemical substances and mixtures that are existing in the workplace and in the environment, regardless of quantity that are potentially dangerous

A

Hazards

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12
Q

A document prepared by the manufacturer that contains important physical characteristics, ecological, health, safety, and toxicological information on chemical substances. It is the number one source of information to ensure safe use of hazardous chemicals.

A

Safety Data Sheet (formerly known as Material Data Safety Sheet)

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13
Q

TRIVIA: Safety Data Sheet includes
- Properties of each chemical
- Physical and Environmental Health Hazards
- Protective Measures
- Safety precautions for handling, storing, and transporting the chemical

A
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14
Q

Lubricants is derived from a Latin word, what is that word?

A

Lubricus

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15
Q

What does “lubricus” mean

A

Slippery

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16
Q

What are the 6 characteristics of a good lubricating oil?

A
  1. High boiling point
  2. Adequate viscosity
  3. Low freezing point
  4. High resistance to oxidation
  5. Non-corrosive properties
  6. Good thermal stability
17
Q

TRIVIA: CLASSIFICATION OF LUBRICANTS
1. Liquids – vegetable, animal, mineral, and blended oils
2. Solids – graphite, talc, chalk
3. Semi-solids – greases, vaselines, waxes
4. Synthetic – silicones, chlorocarbons, polypropylenes
5. Emulsions – oil in water and water in oil

A
18
Q

These are extracted from crude fat

A

Animal Fats and Oils

19
Q

What do you call the process of extracting animal fats and oils from crude fat?

A

Rendering

20
Q

This oil is obtained from crushing seeds

A

Vegetable oil

21
Q

TRIVIA: Important animal fats and oils
a. lard and lard oil
b. tallow and tallow oil
c. neatsfoot oil
d. fish oils
e. sperm oil
f. whale oil
g. seal oil

A
22
Q

What are the five important vegetable oils

A

a. olive oil
b. castor oil
c. rape oil or colza oil
d. palm oil or palm kernel oil
e. cotton seed oil

23
Q

It has lower molecular weight hydrocarbons with 12 to 50 atom

A

Mineral Oils

24
Q

Are obtained during distillation of petroleum; thus, they are cheap

A

Mineral Oils 🫵👹

25
Q

How are impurities removed? There are three ways/processes

A
  1. Dewaxing
  2. Acid Refining or Lubrication
  3. Solvent Refining of the Lubricating Oils
26
Q

In this process, a suitable solvent is
selected in which the solubility of the undesirable impurities is more than that in the oil

A

SOLVENT REFINING OF THE LUBRICATING OILS

27
Q

This is done by thoroughly agitating the oil with the required amount of concentrated sulfuric acid, which acts as a solvent

A

Acid Refining or Lubrication

28
Q

In this process, the oil and wax are separated using continuous filters or centrifuge

A

DEWAXING

29
Q

_____ _____ have largely replaced ANIMAL and VEGETABLE OILS because the former is cheaper.

A

Mineral Oils

30
Q

What are the three types of greases?

A
  1. LIME OR CALCIUM SOAP BASE
  2. SODIUM-SOAP
  3. ROSIN SOAP
31
Q

They are usually prepared from non-soap thickeners such as carbon black, silica gel, modified clays, etc.

A

Non-soap Greases

32
Q

Are oily liquids which are not found naturally or not produced directly during the normal manufacturing and refining processes of the petroleum industry

A

SYNTHETIC LUBRICANTS

33
Q

TRIVIA: Synthetic Lubricants are designed for special jobs such as:
a. in metal forming process such as die casting
b. hot running bearing and hot rolling mills
c. aircraft turbine

A
34
Q

What are the methods of Lubrication?

A
  1. THICK FILM / FLUID FILM / HYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION
  2. BOUNDARY LUBRICATION / THIN FILM LUBRICATION

HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL AND LUBRICANTS (1 decks)

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