Hazards

Question 1

What is a hazard?

Answer 1

A hazard is a threat to Substantial loss of life and impact damage to property

Question 2

Impacts of natural hazards?

Answer 2

Primary impact - immediate effect, destruction of infrastructure and building
Secondary impact - after, disease, economic recession

Question 3

Name the 3 types of hazards

Answer 3

Geophysical -plate tectonics
Atmospheric - tropical storms
Hydrological - floods

Question 4

Name an advantage of living with the threat of hazards

Answer 4

Fertile soil on flood plains or in vicinity of volcano

Question 5

Human Responses

Answer 5

Reduce risk to life
Globally = rescue and humanitarian aid
Automatic disaster analysis + mapping system
(A.D.A.M)

Question 6

Prediction

Answer 6

Remote sensing and seismic monitoring gives clue to where the disaster may happen

Warnings can be communicated

Question 7

Name all the stages of Hazard management cycle

Answer 7

Preparedness
Response
Recovery
Mitigation

Question 8

Explain preparedness

Answer 8

Education and raising public awareness –> reduce human life

Question 9

Explain response

Answer 9

Speed of recovery depends on the effectiveness of the emergency plan

Saving lives and medical assistance

Question 10

Explain recovery

Answer 10

Restoring area to normality

Restoration of services

Question 11

Explain mitigation

Answer 11

Reduce severity of an event and lessen the impacts

Building design -withstand earthquakes

Question 12

Name the park model stages

Answer 12

Relief
Rehabilitation
Reconstruction

Question 13

Explain relief stage

Answer 13

Immediate response in form of aid and search and rescue

Question 14

Explain rehabilitation stage

Answer 14

Longer phase

Infrastructure/services restored to allow reconstruction phase to occur

Question 15

Explain reconstruction phase

Answer 15

Restoring to the same quality of life

Question 16

Name the two crusts

Answer 16

Oceanic - broken layer

Continental- granitic rock

Question 17

What is the lithosphere?

Answer 17

The crust and the upper mantle - zone in which tectonic plates are formed

Question 18

What is gravitational sliding?

Answer 18

The movement of tectonic plates as a result of gravity

Question 19

What’s a constructive plate margin

Answer 19

When two plates separate

Question 20

Mid ocean ridges

Answer 20

Submarine mountain ridges
Transform faults - right angles
Submarine volcanoes

Question 21

Rift Valley

Answer 21

Lithosphere stretches

Faults collapses into deep

Question 22

Destructive plate margins

Answer 22

Two plates collide

Question 23

What happens when oceanic plate and continental plate meet

Answer 23

Oceanic subduct
Point of collision = deep ocean trench
Melting of oceanic plate leads to friction and tension

Question 24

What happens when o.c meets o.c

Answer 24

One plate subducts
Forms a deep oceanic trench
Submarine volcanoes