hazards

Question 1

what is fatalism

Answer 1

a view that people cannot influence or shape the outcome of a hazardous event

Question 2

what happens in stage 1 of the park model

Answer 2

occurs prior to the event and shows that quality of life is at its normal equilibrium level

Question 3

what happens at stage 2 of the park model

Answer 3

hazard occurs QOL is still normal

Question 4

what happens at stage 3

Answer 4

event has happen.
search and rescue is underway
QOL drops for serveal hours of days deping on level of development of country and how serve the hazard was

Question 5

what happens at stage 4 of the park model

Answer 5

relief strategies are underway - organised programme of help but quality of life starts to improve

Question 6

what happens at stage 5 of the park model

Answer 6

long term human responses. quality of life returns to normal or in some cases above normal

Question 7

what are the 4 stages to the hazard management cycle

Answer 7

mitigation
preparedness
response
recovery

Question 8

what happens during prepardness HMC

Answer 8

warning systems
plans
emergency exercises / training

Question 9

what happens during response for HMC

Answer 9

search and rescue
public warning systems

Question 10

what happens during recovery for HMC

Answer 10

temporary housing
care
counselling

Question 11

what happens during mitigation for HMC

Answer 11

preventing future emergencies or minimising their affect
public education
building codes and zones

Question 12

what is adaptation

Answer 12

lower cost so done by anyone
education
own past experiences
based upon likelihood

Question 13

who came up with the continental drift theory

Answer 13

Alfred Wergner

Question 14

how did Alfred describe super-continent Pangaea

Answer 14

as a single continent that existed about 300 million years ago that later spilt again and then again to form countries

Question 15

what are some of the geological evidence for the theory of continental drift that Alfred proposed

Answer 15

1. the continents either side of the Atlantic ocean fit together such as south America and west Africa
   2.evidence of late carboniferous glaciation. deposits which are found in south America Antarctica and India. these formation of deposits cannot be explained by their present position they must have been formed together then moved
   3.rock sequence in northern Scotland closely agree with those found in eastern Canada indicating that they were laid down under the same conditions in one location

Question 16

what are some of the biological evidence for the theory of continental drift that Alfred proposed

Answer 16

1.the fossilised remains of a plant which existed when coal was being formed have been located in only India and Antarctica
2.fossil remains of the reptile Mesosaurus are found in both south America and southern Africa it is unlikely that the same reptile could have developed in both areas or that it could have migrated across the Atlantic

Question 17

what was the development of the continental drift theory

Answer 17

the mid Atlantic ridge was discovered
examination of the ocean crust either side of the mid Atlantic ridge suggested that sea floor spreading was occurring .

Question 18

what is the evidence for sea floor spreading

Answer 18

alternating polarity of the rocks that form the oceanic crust

Question 19

what is palaeomagnetism

Answer 19

iron particles in the lava erupted on the ocean floor are aligned with the earths magnetic field. as the lava solidifies these particles provide a permanent record of the earths polarity at the time of the eruption

Question 20

what do the striped patterns mirrored exactly on either side of a mid oceanic ridge suggest?

Answer 20

that the oceanic crust is moving away from this boundary. the oceanic crust gets older with distance from the mid oceanic ridge.