hazard Flashcards
Pursuant to the RA 6969, DAO 2015-09 issued by DENR presents the guidelines on proper labelling, storage and management of hazardous substances.
GLOBALLY HARMONIZED SYSTEM (GHS)
Standardized symbols for labelling hazardous chemical substances.
GHS pictograms
Technical documents that contain all information about a certain material related to its health effects upon exposure, hazard and storage handling, precautionary measures, and emergency procedures
Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
gives specifications for a standard systern for the assigning and identification of the health, flammability, and
reactivity hazards of materials under emergency conditions such as spills, leaks, and fires.
NFPA Hazard Signal
can be ignited at concentrations less than their lower flammable limits and at temp below their flash point
Flammable liquids
lowest temp, at 1 atm, at which liquid releases flammable vapor into the atmosphere
Flash point
manual fire-extinguishing equipment.
Fire extinguishers
Required type of fire extinguisher for Fires involving ordinary combustible solid materials such as wood, paper, rubber, plastic. cloth
Water type
Multipurpose dry chemical type
Wet chemical tvpe
Required type of fire extinguisher for Fires in flammable and combustible llquid and gas (surface fire)
Aqueous film-foaming foam (AFFF)
Film-foaming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP)
Carbon dioxide; dry chemical type
Required type of fire extinguisher for Fires involving energized electrical equipment (electrical fire)
Dry chemical type
HCFC type
Required type of fire extinguisher for Fires involving combustible metals such as
aluminum, magnesium, sodium, titanium
Dry powder
Required type of fire extinguisher for Kitchen fire
Kitchen extinguisher
Color Designation for Dry chemical (ABC)
Red body, white band
Color Designation for Carbon monoxide
Red body, black band
Color Designation for Foam
Red body, blue band
Color Designation for Halon substitute
Light green body, white band
arise from the highly ,reactive nature of chemicals in which in the presence of a stimulus, may cause sudden increase in temperature or explosion.
Reactive hazards
materials that react violently with water
Water reactive substances
materials that ignite due to rapid oxidation by oxygen or moisture in the air
Pyrophoric substances
include gases which are contained in a receptacle at a pressure of 200kPa (gauge) or more at 20oC, or which are liquefied or liquefied and refrigerated.
Gases under pressure
arise from explosion due to rapid expansion or evolution of gases usually in a closed or restricted system
Explosion hazards
which poses explosion hazards, are reactions that result in sudden, rapid rise in temperature of the material that is being heated which may
become violent.
Runaway reactions
hazardous substances that enters the body thru absorption. injection, ingestion or inhalation.
Toxic substances
chemical agents that cause undesirable response of tissues upon contact or exposure.
lrritants
cause depletion of oxygen to the tissues.
Asphyxiants
mainly affect the central nervous system by inducing depressant effects.
Narcotics or anesthetics
agents that cause toxic action mainly on the internal organs
Systemic poisons
chemical agents that may cause cancer to exposed individual.
Carcinogens
chemical agents that affect the cells of the person upon exposure that may lead into cancer or undesirable mutation to take place on later generation.
Mutagens
agents that cause birth defects upon exposure of the pregnant woman.
Teratogens
agents that cause allergic or allergic-like reactions.
Sensitizers
solid particles of a substance or mixture suspended in a gas (usualty air)
Dust
liquid droplets of a substance or mixture suspended in a gas (usually air)
Mist
gaseous form of a substance or mixture released from its liquid or solid state.
Vapor
important consideration for manufacturing industries that releases chemicals with potential hazards to the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
the extent to which a substance is taken up by an organism and distributed to an area within the organism.
Bioavailability
the net result of uptake, transformation, and elimination of a substance in an organism due to all routes of exposure
Bioaccumulation
the net result of uptake, transformation, and elimination of a substance in an organism due to waterborne exposure
Bioconcentration
involve accidental release of hazardous solid materials.
SOLID CHEMICAL SPILLS
accidental spill of liquid materials that are potentially hazardous.
LIQUID CHEMICAL SPILLS
most commonly used absorbents for chemical spills
Spill pillows
treated with soda ash (NazCOs) to neutralize the acid spills.
Acid solution spills
treated with citric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid to neutralize the base spills.
Alkali solution spills
tend to be organic chemicals and insoluble in water
VOLATILE AND FLAMMABLE SOLVENT SPILLS
especially hazardous due to the high toxicity of mercury vapor.
MERCURY SPILLS
design of products and processes that lessen or more desirably eliminate the use and production of hazardous substance
green chemistry
Unnecessary waste generated from the laboratory can be prevented by careful chemical managemen
Prevent waste
Working with small amount of chemicals is another great way of reducing the potential hazards for a laboratory experiment (microscale)
Microscale work and wet chemistry elimination
Chemical laboratories are safer when they substitute non-hazardous, or less hazardous
Use of safer solvents and other materials
Careful plan of the experiment routes that would render the products and byproducts safe or less hazardous
Design experimental products for degradation after use
Thermometers and manometers are the most common laboratory uses of elementary mercur
Mercury replacements in the laboratory
must be carefully planned to prevent wastage of chemicals in the laboratories.
ACQUISITION OF CHEMICALS
should not be determined by the cheaper unit price basis
of large quantities but rather by the amount needed for the experiment.
Chemical orders/purchases
is a record (usually a database), which in some cases is a required document for regulatory compliance, that lists the chemicals in the laboratory
chemical inventory
important component to a laboratory safety program. lmproper practice of chemical storage may result in accidents due to undesired reactions from contaminations.
STORAGE OF CHEMICALS
important and safe practice of chemical storage. Chemicals must be stored in terms of their compatibility and hazard classification.
Segregating hazardous chemicals
Types of containers that will be used to store the chemicals in the laboratories must be compatible also with the class of chemical to prevent degradation or unwanted reaction/contamination.
Containers and equipment
