Haz Com Flashcards
If you are exposed to hazardous chemicals at work, WHICH standard will help you identify the hazards of those materials and how to use them safely.
OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard: 29 CFR 1910.1200
OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) requires
employers and manufacturers to develop and distribute WHAT chemical information? (for each)
Manufacturers: the chemical hazards in the workplace must be classified, and labels and SDS information must be prepared and properly convey those hazards. Employers: must establish a workplace program and train employees on the chemical hazards.
OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) requires what 4 things be provided as information to employees regarding the hazardous chemicals to which they are exposed?
- a hazard communication program* (HCP),
- labels and other forms of warning,
- safety data sheets, and
- information and training.
What does HCS stand for and what does it refer to?
Hazard Communication Standard- is the OSHA rule which requires “Right to Understand (2012)” for chemical hazards in the workplace.
Note: The old HCS 1994 gave workers the right to know, but the new HCS 2012 gives workers the right to understand
The HCS 2012 provides a common and coherent approach to _____ chemicals and communicating hazard information.
classifying
Physical hazards - a chemical that is classified as posing one of the following hazardous effects (8):
explosives
flammables (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids)
oxidizers (liquid, solid or gas)
self-reactive; pyrophoric (liquid or solid)
self-heating
organic peroxides
corrosive to metals
gas under pressure or in contact with water emits flammable gas
a chemical which is classified as posing one of the following hazardous effects (9):
acute toxicity (any route of exposure) skin corrosion or irritation serious eye damage or eye irritation respiratory or skin sensitization germ cell mutagenicity carcinogenicity reproductive toxicity specific target organ toxicity (single or repeated exposure) or aspiration hazard
Under the HCS 2012, which of the following is an example of a physical hazard?
a. Reproductive toxicity
b. Skin irritant
c. Corrosive to metal
d. Carcinogen
C. Corrosive to metal
Which of the following are small particles, usually formed when solid metal is heated and vaporized and then condenses as tiny particles?
a. Mists
b. Vapors
c. Gases
d. Fumes
D. Fumes
Define:
Dusts Fumes Fibers Mists Vapors Gases Solids
Dusts - are finely divided particles. Example - wood dust.
Fumes - are even smaller particles usually formed when solid metal is heated and vaporized, and then condenses as tiny particles.
Fibers - are similar to dusts but are of an elongated shape. Examples - asbestos and fiberglass.
Mists - are liquid droplets that have been sprayed into the atmosphere.
Vapors - are gases formed when liquid evaporates.
Gases - are substances that are normally airborne at room temperature. A vapor is the gaseous phase of a substance which is a normally a liquid or solid at room temperature.
Solids - such as metal, treated wood, plastic.
Liquids - the most common form in the workplace.
What is the most common route of entry for hazardous substances?
a. Ingestion
b. Inhalation
c. Absorption
d. Injection
b. Inhalation
To eliminate or reduce exposure to hazardous chemicals, the use of an effective “Hierarchy of Controls” (HOC) is encouraged by WHAT standard?
ANSI/ASSP Z10-2012 Standard; Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems.
-This standard defines minimum requirements for an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS)
What is the list of the hierarchy of controls (6)?
ESEWAP:
Elimination: The best solution is to totally eliminate hazardous substances in the workplace.
Substitution: Substitution is the next-best solution. Replace a toxic substance with a less-toxic substance. If you can’t get rid of the toxic substances, you may be able to replace them with substances that are at least less toxic.
Engineering Controls: Redesign or modify processes that use toxic chemicals to eliminate or reduce exposure to the chemical hazard itself.
Warnings: Use container labels and signs to warn employees about the dangers of the chemicals they are using.
Administrative Controls: The primary focus is to develop and incorporate safer behaviors and work practices through written safety policies and rules, supervision, and training. This strategy is a challenge because supervisors must regularly monitor their employees as they perform tasks. Bottom line, these controls work only so long as employees “behave” properly.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): The use of PPE is probably the most common strategy, and mandatory when working with hazardous chemicals. PPE forms a barrier between workers and hazards. Once again, the chemical hazard is neither eliminated nor reduced, and a high reliance is placed on appropriate use of PPE for this strategy to be successful.
(The first three strategies focus on doing something with the hazard. The last three strategies focus on doing something with behaviors to reduce exposure to the hazard.)
Under the Hierarchy of Controls, elimination, substitution, and engineering controls are given higher priority because _____.
a. they are most effective in manipulating behaviors
b. they focus on the greatest number of causes for accidents
c. they are used when behaviors can’t be effectively controlled
d. they focus on doing something with the hazard
d. they focus on doing something with the hazard
Under the new HCS 2012, labels on containers shipped from manufacturers or distributors must be labeled, tagged or marked with the following six items:
- Product Identifier - This should include the chemical identity of the substance.
- Signal word - Signal words used in GHS are “Danger” and “Warning.” Danger is for the more severe hazard categories.
- Hazard Statements - This is a phrase assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the nature of the hazards of a hazardous product, and the degree of the hazard.
- Pictograms - These include symbols plus other elements, such as a border, background pattern or color that conveys specific information.
- Precautionary statements - These are phrases (and/or pictograms) that describe the recommended measures to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product.
- Supplier identification - This contains the name, address, and telephone number of the manufacturer or supplier of the substance or mixture.
