Haydn Symphony No.104 - Movement I Flashcards
Some quick fire questions about Movement I
This symphony was Haydn’s last, written at the ___ of his career. It represents the culmination of years of experimentation and stylistic evolution.
end
Haydn’s symphony premiered in this city during his second visit to England (hence its nickname).
London
Haydn worked under the patronage of this family for almost 30 years, in which he perfected his approach to the symphony.
Esterházy family
Haydn composed over [this number] of symphonies; during their composition, the genre evolved significantly, and his works trace these changes.
100
What is the structure of Movement I?
Sonata Form
What is the key of this movement?
D major
Which instrument doesn’t have a solo role?
Clarinet
What is the texture of the introduction?
Octaves
What is the rhythm from the intro called and where is it from?
Double dotted rhythm from the French overtures
What is the most common texture of this movement?
Melody+accompanyment/ Melody dominated/Homophonic
What year was the work composed?
1795
How does the reinstatement of the 2nd subject in the recap differ from the original in the exposition?
New material which focuses on the head part of the original motif-creates variety
Imitation
What happens in the exposition?
The composer exposes their ideas through ‘subjects/themes’ 1 and 2.
What key is the 1st Subject in?
D major
What key is the 2nd Subject in?
Subject 2 = Subject 1 in A major
What happens during the development?
The composer develops the main themes.
How does Haydn develop the ideas from the exposition?
Uses Figure Y and X from 1st Subject through sequential and imitative movement
Use of the circle of fifths to modulate
What happens in the recapitulation?
This is where the composer usually returns to the 1st and 2nd subject (exposed in the exposition)
In the Recapitulation section of sonata form, we would NORMALLY expect to let the transition passage lead to subject 2 for the first time in the tonic key.
True or false: 2nd Subject = 1st Subject in A major
True
How does Haydn change the recapitulation from it’s USUAL structure?
His decision was to continue in development mode, as he varies the thematic material in different ways - extending the passage before S2 to accommodate this.
Bars 50-64 of the Exposition have been omitted as they stood, and in its place we have an extended 25 bars which present a mix of ideas which reflect earlier motifs.
Why does he need to do this?
Because he employed monothematicism - Subject 2 is the same theme as Subject 1 and so therefore has already been heard in the tonic key
How can he continue to provide interest at this point, so as not to repeat the same material in exactly the same way?
In order to provide the appropriate balance within the sonata form structure… he needs something to balance out the corresponding section of the exposition. If he brought the movement to an early conclusion, it would be too short!
What is a coda?
Rounds off’ the movement, heard in f and played tutti in grandiose and energetic fashion
What key is the coda in?
D major
