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Hepatitis Viruses > HAV > Flashcards

HAV Flashcards

1
Q

What is the HAV?
and to what Family it belongs?

A

Typical enterovirus
PicoRna Family

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2
Q

What type of genome it contain?

A

Single Stranded RNA

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3
Q

Envolpe and shape ?

A

Non enveloped icosahedral nucleocapsid

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4
Q

Where does it replicate?

A

In the cytoplasm of the cell

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5
Q

Serotypes and Antigenic relationship to other hepatitis viruses?

A
  • One serotype
  • No Antigenic relationship to other hepatitis viruses
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6
Q

Transmission?

A

Fecal- oral

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7
Q

Reservoir?

A

Human

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7
Q

Reservoir?

A

Human

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8
Q

Why quarantine of patients are ineffective?

A

Because virus appears in feces 2 before symptoms

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9
Q

Common source of outbreaks?

A

Fecally contaminated food or water such as oysters

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10
Q

Transmission through blood?

A

Unlike HBV its rarely transmitted through blood

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11
Q

Why its rarely transmitted through blood

A

Because the level of viremia is low

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12
Q

Pathogensis of HAV

A

Not completely understood its probably replicate in git tract and spread to the liver through blood

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13
Q

Hepatocytes are infected but the mechanism is by which cell damage occur is unknown Why is that?

A

Because it produces no cytopathic effect

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14
Q

Then What is likely to causes damage to hepatocytes?

A

The attack by cytotoxic T cells

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15
Q

Does patients heals, can it progress to chronic diseases?

A

-Infection is cleared and damage is repaired
-No chronic infection ensues

16
Q

What are the immune response and when it is detected?

A

-IgM Antibody
-at time jaundice appears

17
Q

What happens Next after the appearance of IgM?

A

Production of IgG after 1 to 3 weeks

18
Q

What Do we use in the laboratory diagnosis of HAV?

A

The presence of IgM antibody

19
Q

What is the role of IgG antibody ?

A

Provide Life long protection

20
Q

What are the clinical manifestation of hepatitis regardless of virus?

A

Fever, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, dark urine, pale feces, elevated transaminase levels

21
Q

How long it takes for cases to reaolve spontaneously?

A

2-4 weeks

22
Q

How long is the incubation period of HAV and HBV?

A

-(3-4) weeks short (A)
-(10-12) weeks

23
Q

Laboratory diagnosis?

A

-IgM Antibody is the most important test
-four fold Rise in IgG antibody titer
-Isolation of virus in culture is possible but not available in the clinical laboratory

24
Q

Treatment?

A

No antiviral therapy is available

25
Q

Prevention

A

-Active immunization (with vaccine containing inactivated HAV)
-passive immunization (with immune serum globulin prior to infection or within 14 days after exposure can prevent or mitigate disease.
-proper Hygiene (hands washing after bowel movement and sewage disposal).

Hepatitis Viruses (1 decks)

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