hatdog

Question 1

was a scientific theory on the nature of matter

Answer 1

DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY

Question 2

It stated that all matter was made up of small, indivisible particles known as ‘atoms’.

Answer 2

John Dalton in the year 1808.

Question 3

The law of multiple proportions, the law of conservation of mass, and the

Answer 3

law of constant proportions

Question 4

BASIC LAWS OF MATTER

Answer 4

The conservation of mass laws

The law of definite proportion

The law of multiple proportions.

Question 5

In simple terms, this law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.

Answer 5

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 6

law of conservation of mass

Answer 6

Antoine Lavoisier 1789

Question 7

Law of Definite Proportions

Answer 7

Joseph Proust

Question 8

stated that the proportion of elements by weight in a given compound will always remain exactly the same

Answer 8

Joseph Proust,

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 9

This law states that if two elements combine to form more than one compound, the masses of these elements in the reaction are in the ratio of small whole numbers

Answer 9

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 10

This law was given by Dalton in the year 1803.

Answer 10

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 11

gases are produced or combine in a chemical reaction, they do so in a simple ratio by volume given that all the gases are at the same ter perature and pressure

considered as another form of the law of definite proportions.

Answer 11

Gay Lussac’s Law of Gaseous Volumes

Question 12

is stated with respect to volume while the law of definite proportions is stated with respect to mass.

Answer 12

Gay Lussac’s Law

Question 13

under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, an equal volume of all the gases contains an equal number of molecules

implies that 2 litres of hydrogen will have the same number of molecules as 2 litres of oxygen given that both the gases are at the same temperature and pressure.

Answer 13

Avogadro’s Law 1811

Question 14

are made up of particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons, which are responsible for the mass and charge of atoms

Answer 14

Atomic structure

Question 15

is the smallest unit of matter that retains all of the chemical properties of an element

combine to form molecules, which then interact to form solids, gases, or liquids

Answer 15

atom

Question 16

Atoms consist of three basic particles

Answer 16

protons, electrons, and neutrons

Question 17

The outermost regions of the atom are called

( Atoms) have different properties based on the arrangement and number of their basic particles.

Answer 17

electron shells and contain the electrons (negatively charged).

Question 18

ATOMS

Answer 18

electron orbits
nucleus
protons
neutron

Question 19

particles

Answer 19

protons
neutrons
electrons

Question 20

Protons were discovered by

he performed his gold foil experiment.

He projected alpha particles (helium nuclei) at gold foil, and the positive alpha particles were deflected.

Answer 20

Ernest Rutherford in the year 1919

Question 21

exist in a nucleus and have a positive nuclear charge.

The atomic number or proton number is the number of protons present in an atom.

The atomic number determines an element (e.g., the element of atomic number 6 is carbon).

Answer 21

protons

Question 22

when he demonstrated that penetrating radiation incorporated beams of neutral particles

Answer 22

James Chadwick in 1932

Question 23

located in the nucleus with the protons. Along with protons, they make up almost all of the mass of the atom

Answer 23

Neutrons

Question 24

The neutrons in an element determine the _____ of an atom, and often its stability.

Answer 24

isotope

Question 25

Electrons were discovered by

Answer 25

Sir John Joseph Thomson in 1897.

Question 26

He confirmed that cathode rays are fundamental particles that are negatively-charged; these cathode rays became known as _____ .

Answer 26

electrons

Question 27

, through oil drop experiments, found the value of the electronis charge

Answer 27

Robert Millikan

Question 28

are located in an electron cloud, which is the area surrounding the nucleus of the atom

Answer 28

Electrons

Question 29

A MOLECULE IS AN ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL GROUP OF ATOMS JOINED TOGETHER BY CHEMICAL BONDS

A molecule may consist of two atoms of the same element or many atoms of different elements

Answer 29

MOLECULES

Question 30

MOLECULES

Answer 30

Oxygen

Methane

Caffeine

DNA

Question 31

are made up of one or more atoms.

Answer 31

Molecules

Question 32

is a charge-carrying atom or molecule.

Answer 32

ion

Question 33

Types: ions

)

Answer 33

Anion (negatively charged)

Cation (positively charged

Question 34

are atoms that contain a positive charge.

The positive charge is a result of the atom containing more protons than electrons

Answer 34

Cation

Question 35

are atoms that contain a negative charge.

The negative charge is a result of the atom containing more electrons than protons

Answer 35

Anions

Question 36

are atoms that contain an uneven number of protons and electrons which results in an overall positive or negative charge

Answer 36

lons