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Exams Yr 9 Semester 2 > HaSS > Flashcards

HaSS Flashcards

1
Q

When did the first fleet arrive in Australia?

A

18 January 1788

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2
Q

Give examples of primary and secondary sources

A

Primary: a diary
Secondary: book about diary

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3
Q

What are free settlers?

A

People who voluntarily moved to Australia

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4
Q

What were the feelings towards the first Europeans to arrive in Australia?

A

They were not welcomed as they took over their culture and invaded their country.

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5
Q

Where did the White settlers arrive?

A

New South Wales

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6
Q

When was federation in Australia?

A

1 January 1901

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7
Q

What was the cause of ww1?

A 
4 long term factors that pushed the world towards the outbreak of world war 1:
Nationalism
Imperialism
Militarism 
Alliances.
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8
Q

What is an alliance?

A

The grouping of countries to support each other when it comes to war.

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9
Q

Define nationalism

A

When people develop strong loyalties towards their country, and believe that their needs are more important than other countries.

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10
Q

Define imperialism

A

Countries threngthen their power and influence by creating empires, and the colonies that made up the empires provided land, raw materials, trade, and miliatary bases.

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11
Q

Define Militarism

A

A policy geared to building up lathe miliatary forces.

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12
Q

List the alliances

A

The triple alliance of 1882 consisted of Germany, Italy, and the empire of Austria/Hungry.
The triple entente consisted of Great Britain, France, and Russia.

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13
Q

Explain the ‘trigger’ of ww1

A

The assination of arch duke Franz Ferdinard and his wife Sophie.

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14
Q

Why did australia join the war?

A

It was a commonwealth country and part of the great British empire.

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15
Q

How were men who enlisted/didn’t enlist viewed by Australians

A

Men who enlisted were seen as heroes, but men who didn’t enlist were seen as cowards.

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16
Q

What were the main countries/battles Australia fought in?

A

Gallipoli - turkey (25 April - 18 December 1915) and the western front - France (ended on 11 November 1918)

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17
Q

Where did Australians train before Gallipoli?

A

Egypt.

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18
Q

What is ‘trench foot’?

A

A condition caused by the feet remaining wet (and sometimes cold) for too long.

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19
Q

What is a ‘duck board’?

A

Boards raising the bottom of the trenches to avoid being waterlogged and trench foot.

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20
Q

What is ‘no mans land’?

A

An area of a battlefield between the trenches of opposing armies (not help by either side)

21
Q

What is ‘mustard gas’?

A

A colourless oily liquid whose vapour causes severe irritation and blistering of the skin, used in chemical weapons.

22
Q

What is ‘shellshock’?

A

A disturbed state of mind produced in some people when they are exposed to too many she’ll explosions, gun fire, and too much trauma.

23
Q

When did australia arrive at Gallipoli?

A

25th April 1915

24
Q

What happened when the Australians arrived?

A

They landed 2km north of where they were meant to be. Facing cliffs rather than slopes (more than 2000 died on the first day)

25
Q

When did the Australian troops leave Gallipoli?

A

18 December 1915

26
Q

Summarise Australia’s vote for conscription

A

Australia voted against conscription in both referendum (October 1916 and December 1917)

27
Q

List and explain the reasons for and against conscription

A

For:

  • Australia’s duty to support Great Britain
  • ‘Equality of sacrifice’
  • Voluntary recruitment had failed
  • Australia had to protect their good reputation
  • Other allied countries had already introduced conscription.

Against:

  • No one had the right to send people to get killed/wounded
  • Men were needed in Australia (farming)
  • Working classes would be unfairly burdened
  • Too many Australian men had already died/hurt
  • Comscription would harm and divide Australia
28
Q

What were the the 2 significant events that occured in 1917?

A
  • People revolution in Russia

- Entry into the war by the United States

29
Q

When did ww1 end?

A

11 November 1918

30
Q

How is ww1 remembered?

A

By rememberemce day help on the 11th November every year (minute silence at 11am and people wear poppies)

31
Q

What is an armstice?

A

Another name for a truce (when fighting stops between the sides at war)

32
Q

When was federation in Australia?

A

1 January 1901

33
Q

Why is it important to understand signs and symbols in places?

A

They send messages just like a language. (Eg pictures of toilet doors)

34
Q

What is globalisation?

A

The increasing economic, political. And cultural interconnectedness of countries through mass consumption, technology, and trade.

35
Q

What are the benefits of innovations of transport?

A

Enhanced connections between people and places, and lead to growth in service based industries (eg international tourism and education) and enabled the expansion of world trade.

36
Q

What is social media

A

Broadly speaking, social media is any means by which people create and exchange information and ideas.

37
Q

What is a virtual community?

A

Any group of individuals who interact through social media.

38
Q

Explain Paddy Ashdowns idea of interconnectedness.

A

It is a fact of life that we all share a common destiny. If something Happends to one part of the world, by all being related it affects other countries.

39
Q

What is brand loyalty?

A

Always using a certain brands products and not switching between brands. (Eg Nike shoes)

40
Q

What are the aspects of human behaviour that influence places?

A

Culture, economics and wealth, history, technology, population density, and population movements.

41
Q

What are the aspects of a target audience?

A

Age, gender, nationality, socioeconomic status, personality, purpose of product use.

42
Q

Why do some ads appear on radio, and some on billboards ect.

A

To appeal to different target audiences.

43
Q

What is a biome?

A

A vegetation community occupying a large area of the earths surface

44
Q

Summarise a food chain process.

A

Food chains are the flow of energy through the various kinds of animals in an ecosystem. (Eg. Phytoplankton -> zooplankton -> perch -> human)

45
Q

What is an equatic ecosystem?

A

What’re based ecosystems (include open oceans, river estuaries, and coastal wetlands)

46
Q

What is a terrestrial ecosystem?

A

Land based ecosystems. Usually named after the types of vegetation which dominate the area. The type of vegetation, in turn, depends mainly on climate.

47
Q

Summarise some of the ways humans have altered biomes.

A
  • Vegetation clearance (land clearing, mainly for agriculture, ~biome most effected is temperate grassland due to rich soil flat terrain and few trees~)
  • Sourcing Water Supplies (irrigated agriculture)
  • Terracing (ancient farming technique, involves reducing the steepness of a slope by building structures like stone walls which break up the hills into small flat/gently flowing sections)
48
Q

What is a ‘crop yield’?

A

A measurement of of the amount of a crop harvested per unit of land area. (Usually expressed in tonnes per hectare)

49
Q

Describe the pressure that population growth will put on global food security and the environment.

A

The earths population has almost reaches capacity and food is in high demand. Crop yields are declining and more people are moving to urbanised areas.

Exams Yr 9 Semester 2 (1 decks)

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