Hardwick hall Flashcards
Who build hardwick hall?
Elizabeth Hardwick, countess of Shrewsbury, known as Bess of Hardwick
What role did Robert Symthson play in the construction of Hardwick hall?
He was the architect and surveyor, inspired by renaissance architecture
How does Hardwick hall demonstrate Elizabethan society hierarchy?
Through its structure: ground floor for servants, middle floor for the family, and top floor for royalty
What are the functions of Elizabethan country houses?
Demonstrate wealth, provide comfort and privacy, and show intellect and fashion
How did Bess gain her wealth?
Through her four marriages but mainly the Sir William Cavendish
How were grounds used in medieval houses?
Mainly for hunting
How did the use of grounds change from the 15th century onwards?
Homeowners used their grounds for relaxation and pleasure
What characterises the gardens at Hardwick hall today?
A mix of renaissance and Victorian influence
How is the Renaissance influenced shown in the gardens today?
Through the symmetrical pattern, cultivated gardens, walled enclosed gardens
What function did the kitchen and orchard serve?
They supplied the house with rest fruit, vegetables, and herbs
What remains of the medieval manor can be found at Hardwick?
The gatehouse
Who influenced the design of Hardwick Hall?
French and Italian renaissance styles, Flemish designs, patrons, friends, craftsmen, and designer Robert Smython
How many rooms did Hardwick hall have, excluding service Rooms?
46
What function did the great chambers have?
Used for dining and entertaining, with the height Great chamber reserved for royalty
How did medieval great halls differ from Elizabethan great halls?
Medieval great halls were the centre of the house and two stories high, whereas Elizabethan great halls were less important, often one story heigh, and used as entrance rooms.
What was the purpose of long galleries?
Place to walk during poor weather, used in both summer and winter
What is notable about the long Galleries
It provides views of the gardens and local landscape and displays artwork, including paintings and tapestries
What was the ‘blue room’ known for during the Elizabethan period
Known as the ‘pearl bedchamber’, it was a private bedroom for social gatherings, featuring luxurious furnishings
How was hierarchy displayed in the chapel?
The upper was reserved for family and the lower part for household
What new fashion did the grand stair case at Hardwick hall demonstrate?
A wide stone stair case within the tapestries lining the wall, providing a grand processional route
What type of stonework and materials were used?
Bess used materials from her land to build Hardwick. This including marble for the fireplace
What does the glass show?
Glass is a symbol of the economic, technological, and cultural advancement of the Elizabethan era, highlighting the power and influence of its owners, Bess of Hardwick.
The main change the Elizabethan country houses demonstrated was the new fashions of the time. How far does the study of Hardwick Hall support this statement? Explain your answer.
Give point of
Architectural design:
- symmetry; clear representation of the new architectural fashion by renaissance ideals
- great chamber and long gallery; these rooms were designed for dining, entertaining, and displaying artwork, reflecting the new social functions and fashionable tastes of the Elizabethan period.
Use of glass:
- innovative technology; technological advancement and fashionable choice. The Halls nickname, “more glass than wall”, highlights the significant change.
- wealth symbol; glass was a luxury item, representing the wealth and status. The use of glass demonstrated the owners affluence and adherence to contemporary trends.
Interior designs:
- luxurious furnishing; the furnishings and decorations in Hardwick Hall, such as tapestries, glided beds, and marble fireplaces, were fashionable choices that showcased the wealth and taste of power.
- art collections; the presence of paintings, sculptures, and tapestries in the long gallery demonstrated the new fashion of displaying art and cultural refinement.
Conclusion;
In summary, the study of Hardwick Hall strongly supports the statement that Elizabethan country houses demonstrated the new fashions of the time. The architectural design, use of glass and interior designs all highlight the significant changes and fashionable trends embraced during the Elizabethan era.
Greater comfort was the main consequence of Elizabethan country houses. How far does a study of Hardwick Hall support this statement? Explain your answer
Give points of
Gardens and grounds:
- Relaxation and pleasure; the renaissance and Victorian influences I’m the gardens, with their symmetrical patterns and enclosed spaces, providing areas of relaxation and enjoyment, reflecting the shift towards using grounds for pleasure rather than functional purposes for example hunting
Architectural design for comfort:
-Symmetry and layout; the symmetrical design of Hardwick hall allowed for better organisation and use of space, enhancing the comfort for its residents.
- bay windows; these allowed for more natural light and provided private spaces for residents to enjoy views of the landscape, contributing to a more pleasant living environment.
Enhanced living spaces:
-great chambers; the low great chamber and high chamber were designed for dining and entertaining, with the high great chamber specifically used for entertaining royalty. These rooms provided spacious, comfortable areas for social gatherings.
- great hall; unlike medieval great halls that served as communal eating spaces, the great hall at Hardwick was designed for dining bed as a more practical and warmer entrance room, indicating a shift towards using comfort.
Conclusion; in conclusion, the study of Hardwick hall supports the statement that greater comfort was a main consequence of Elizabethan country houses. The architectural design for comfort, enhanced living spaces and the gardens and grounds all highlight the significant changes that focused on enhancing the quality of life for residents.
The main reason for building a country home in Elizabethan time was to demonstrate the wealth of its owner. How far does the study of Hardwick hall support this statement. Explain your answer.
give points of:
- Architectural grandeur:
- symmetry and renaissance influnce - The symmetrical design and renaissance insored architecture of Hardwick Hall were not only fashionable but alos expensive. This demonstrated the owners wealth and ability to afford the lastest trends in design.
- large glass windows - The extensive use of glass, a luxuary item at the time, was a clear indicator of weath. The pharse “more glass than wall” highlights the opulence of Hardwick Hall.
- Luxurious interiors:
- Furnishings and decor; the interior of Hardwick hall was lavishly furnished with glided beds, tapestries and marble firepaces. These elements showcased the wealth and refined taste of Bess of Hardwick.
- art collections; the long gallery displayed an impressive collection of paintings and tapestrie, futher emphasising the wealth and status of the owner.
Self-sufficencey and wealth:
- estate prodution; the estate use of local resources, such as farming, mining, and factories, contribute to Bess’s wealth and showcased her ability to sustain a large and uxurious country home.
- Technological advancements; the use of new building materials and technologies, such as lead for the roofs and glass for the windows, further demonstrated the owners wealth and innoative approach.
