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ICT > Hardware/Software > Flashcards

Hardware/Software Flashcards

1
Q

What is a hardware ?

A

The physical components that make up a computer for eg. keyboard, RAM.
They can either be internal or external.

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2
Q

What is a software?

A

Programs that control the computer system. There are 2 types of software: application and system

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3
Q

What is application software?

A

Programs that allow users to do specific tasks for eg. word processor is used to manipulate text documents

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4
Q

What is a system software?

A

They allow the hardware to run properly and allow the user to communicate with the computer for eg. Linker

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5
Q

Motherboard?

A

A printed circuit board that allows the processor and other computer hardware to interact with each other

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6
Q

RAM?

A

Random Access Memory is an internal chip where data is stored in temporarily. It’s a volatile as data is lost when the computer has crashed/turned off

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7
Q

ROM?

A

Read only memory is a chip that stores permanent memory. It’s referred to as non volatile as data is not lost. Data cannot be altered, only read from.
The BIOS is stored over here in another chip called CMOS

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8
Q

CPU?

A

Central Processing Unit made up of a control unit which controls input and output devices and ALU which performs calculations and logical decisions, it controls and executes commands

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9
Q

Operating systems?

A

They manage the computer’s basic functions and provide a platform for the user to interact with the computer.

1) Process management- helps multiple programs to load and run smoothly
2) File Management- creates files to Kelly the system organized
3) Device Management-helps Input devices to connect
4) Memory Management- moving of apps from hard disk to RAM

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10
Q

CLI?

A

An interface in which users type in commands

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11
Q

GUI

A

An interface that uses icons to make the computer more user friendly

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12
Q

Advantages of GUI

Disadvantages of GUI

A

User don’t need to learn commands
Icons make it more user friendly

Uses more processing power and RAM
It requires an OS to operate

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13
Q

Advantages of CLI

Disadvantages of CLI

A

User in direct communication with the computer
Possible to alter computer configuration settings

User needs to learn tedious commands
Typing commands more error prone

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14
Q

PC/Desktop?

A

A computer that is made up of a separate keyboard, mouse and CPU

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15
Q

Laptop

A

Computer in which all components like monitor, mouse and keyboard found all in one unit

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16
Q

Advantages of PC

Disadvantages of PC

A

Wi-Fi is stable as computer isn’t moved around
Less likelihood of being damaged as its in a fixed location

Not portable
Necessary to copy files if work needs to be done elsewhere

17
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of laptop

A

Can take full advantage of Wi-Fi
Portable

Easily damaged/stolen
Heavy adaptor need to be taken as there is limited battery life

18
Q

Tablet?

A

Portable, smaller version of a computer that uses touch screen technology

19
Q

Features of tablet

A

HD, anti glare displays
Sensors like voice recognition systems such as Siri, proximity sensors and accelerometer
Solid State memory

20
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of tablet

A

Very fast to switch on
Don’t generate heat

Typing on touchscreen is slow and error prone
Limited storage space

21
Q

Smartphones

A

Allow normal phone calls but also have an OS to allow numerous apps to be run

22
Q

Features of smartphone

A

GPS
Send receive emails
Streaming of videos

23
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of smartphones

A

Small and lightweight
Have 100s of apps

Small screens make it difficult to read and typing is slower
Web browsing and photography easily drain battery

24
Q

Smart watches

A

Mini computers on wrists that use OLED and touch screen technology

25
Q

Features of smart watches

A

Fitness

GPS

26
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of smart watches

A

Very easy to use
Notifications delivered straight to user’s wrist

Bulky and large
Unattractive design

27
Q

Mainframe computers

A

Large, powerful systems housed in large frames

28
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of mainframe computers

A

Fast processor speeds
Huge amounts of storage capacity

Very expensive
Batch processing is time consuming

29
Q

Utilities

A

Carry out specific tasks on a computer

30
Q

Linkers

A

They take one or more programs produced by a compiler and combine into a single program

31
Q

Sound card

A

Integrated circuit board that provides a computer with the ability to produce sounds

32
Q

Video card

A

Allows the computer to send graphical info to a video display device

33
Q

SSD

A

Magnetic in nature that is one of the main methods of storing data

ICT (5 decks)

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