hardware/printers/cloud Flashcards
redundant array of independent disk, it is not specific to a type of drive, combines drives so the pc sees it as one
raid
built in to the system, PCI/PCIe controller, uses usb or thunderbolt external raid enclosure
hardware raid
windows- dynamic disk/ stroage space
MacOS- disk utility can create a raid
Linux- built into the Linux internal slandered
software raid
JUST A BUNCH OF DISKS
JBOD
disk stripping to combine drives into one, only needs 2 hdd/ssd, if one drive fails you lose all data
raid 0
storage that spreads data bits across all disks in the array and increases performance, fastyer read and write speeds, larger storage space
disk stripping
provides data protection by mirroring data across 2 disks, only needs 2 disks to work but more can be added, if one fails you still have data, no performance loss if one disk fails, its maximum storage capacity is limited to the size of one disk, 1 disk for storage 1 disk for protection
raid 1
used to strip data across multiple drives into one larger/faster logical drive and distribute paritry across all disks, if 1 disk fails parity will repair it, requires 3 disks, parity is slow, mkaes the raid slow when 1 disk fails, slow rebuilt data times when replacing 1 hdd/ssd
raid 5
smaller representation value that can be used to recreate data when lost
parity bit
combines disk into a raid 1 array and then combines those into a raid 0 array
fast read/write speed because of stripping, large storage space, more disks increases capacity, no performance lost if disk fails, fast recovery.
four disk minimum, if raid 1 arry fails all data lost(that is 2 disk failing in a single raid 1 array)
raid 10
sandbox, test development, app virtualization, legacy software/os, cross platform virtualization
client side virtualization
outdated computing software and/or hardware that is still in use. The system still meets the needs it was originally designed for, but doesn’t allow for growth
legacy software/os
uses hypervisor to allow multiple os to work on the same computer at the same time, it save power, hardware consolidation and system management and security
virtualization
restart printer spooler, restart printer or pc
multiple printer pending in a queue
search>services>printer spooler>right click>restart
how to reset printer spooler
id the issue, gather information/ id user changes/ if possible make back ups
trouble shooting steps 1
establish a theory of probable cause, conduct external/internal research based on symptoms
trouble shooting steps 2
test to make sure your theory is correct, if it isnt establish a new theory and escalate
trouble shooting steps 3
establish a plan of attack/ implement a solution, reference vendors instructions if needed
trouble shooting steps 4
verify functions work and implement preventable measures
trouble shooting steps 5
document findings/ outcomes/ and actions
trouble shooting steps 6
uses ink ribbons, can print on carbon black paper, slow/loud,
parts- print head, ribbon, tractor feed, impact paper
repair- replace printer head/ribbon/paper
impact printers
infrastructure as a service- used by company’s that dont want to maintain their own on-premise data center
iaas
platform as a service, offers developers a platform for software development and deployment over the internet
paas
soft ware as a service, service vendors host applications, making them viable to users via the internet(pay as you go service)
saas
cloud deployment models/ service models
cdm/sm
3rd party host equipment over the internet for everyone
public cloud
3rd party host for a single client, these are driven by concerns around security and compliance and to keep assets behind a firewall
private cloud
hardware failure should have no effect on cloud service
high availability
makes files available from anywhere you can access the cloud
file synchronization
multi-tenet platform that allows multiple tenets to work on the same platform
community cloud
saas paas iaas c-customer p-provider
user c c c
application p c c
os p c c
hardware p p p
network p p p
facility p p p
regulatory comp c c c
ccsm chat 1
sets who can and cant use a printer
printer security user authentication
need top use a badge to access the printer
printer security badging
show who used the printer and it shows errors
printer security audit log
allows you to scan multiple pages at the same time
automatic document feeder(adf)/flatbed scanner
rubber scrapper cleans the photosensitive drum
laser printer cleaning
places a -600vdc charge on the photosensitive drum using a charge corona
laser printer charge
uses ink cartridges, most affordable, ink is pricey, must recalibrate after new ink installation,
parts- ink, print head, roller, feeder, duplex assembly, cartridge belt
clean- clean heads, replace cart, calibrate
inkjet printer
filament printer, uses .1mm-.3mm extruder to make prints
3d printer FDM(fused deposition modeling)
uses resin to print, uses .1mm-.3mm thick resin layer, cures with a light(led/laser)
3d printer SLA(stereolithography)
doest not use ink, heat sensitive paper, not long lasting,
parts- feed assembly, heating element
cleaning- clean element, remove debris
thermal printer
It is a cross-platform screen sharing system that was created to remotely control another computer.
vnc(virtual network components)
runs within the os, shares recourses between host and vm
hypervisor 2
powdered ink
toner
photosensitive drum that uses a laser/led to write to
imaging drum
keep everything aligned during printing and transfers ink to paper
transfer belt and rollers
clears the imagining drum
eraser lamp
fused ink to paper, its the fastest and cheapest printer for black and white per page, more cost for colored ink
maintain- replace toner, apply maintenance kit, calibrate, clean
laser printer
uses hypervisor
hardware
vnc type 1
uses hypervisor
OS
hardware
vnc type 2
advanced version of synchrous
ddr is faster than sdram
multiple variants(ddr, ddr2, ddr3, ddr4, ddr5)
variants are not compatible with each other
motherboard only supports 1 type of ram
ddr(double data rate)
min max
ddr3-800/pc3 1600 ddr3-2132/pc3 17000
ddr4-1600/pc4 12800 ddr4-3200/pc4 25600
ddr5-4800/pc5 38000 ddr5-6600/pc5 52800
ddr speeds min/max
DDR1: 184-pin/ SODIMM- 200-pin
DDR2: 240-pin/ SODIMM- 200-pin
DDR3: 240-pin/ SODIMM- 204-pin
DDR4: 288-pin/ SODIMM- 260-pin
DDR5: 288-pin/ SODIMM- 262-pin
DDR/SODIMM pin count
ddr-266=pc 2100
266x8=2128
transfer-266 x bits-8 = mbps-2128
DDR performance
stores config changes done in bios/uefi
rtc(real time clock) tells the system the time
cmos is lactated on volatile memory
volatile memory needs power to store data
if it dies/removed it resets bio/uefi to default
CMOS(complementary metal oxide semiconductor) battery
used to initiate the boot process
rom(read only memory) is used to store the it
uefi features(only) secure boot, blocks untrusted code, fast start up, loads faster than bios, m/k interaction(bios only supports keyboard interaction)
BIOS(basic input output system)/UEFI(Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)
provides services beyond physical boundaries/flexibility
shared source cloud characteristics
pay as you go/what you use, helps optimize resources use/cost
meter utilization cloud characteristics
resources can be allocated as required to optimize cost/usage
rapid elasticity cloud characteristics
laser writes image on drum by lowering the voltage to -100vdc
laser printer exposing
rollers have a negative charge and toner sticks to it
laser printer developing
fuses image with fuser roller/pressure roller and makes it stick to the paper
laser printer fusing
exists as a simple file on a physical hdd
virtual machine storage types
virtual hard drives
can be attached exclusively to a vm, so it is usable by another vm/ host in the os
virtual machine storage types
physical hdd
replace drum laser/drum
inspect printer head
printer issues
lines on paper
monitor systems included in ssd/hdd
used to detect/report various indicators(reliability, imminent failure)
S.M.A.R.T(self monitoring, analysis, reporting, tech)
app/printer set to incorrect orientation
printer issues
page orientation
use correct ink
put colors in correct slots
check app
calibrate printer
printer issues
incorrect color settings
drums dirty/not cleaned
replace toner cartridges
printer issues
double image/echo images
bad pick up rollers
check paper weight
printer issues
miss feeding/not feeding
check/replace worn rollers
use maintenance kit
use correct paper for the printer
printer issues
paper jams
issues with fusing assembly/ roller
replace fusing assembly/ roller
printer issues
toner not fusing
wrong language
inspect drivers
printer issues
garbled print
used to replace worn parts
parts it replaces- fuser unit, transfer roller, paper feed roller/ separation roller, pickup roller
must be cleaned and calibrated once maintenance is done
laser maintenance kit
allows machines to be used as a virtual desktop by remote users
provides simple centrally managed user systems
can be done on premise or cloud
vdi(virtual desktop infrastructure)
used to create, run, manage them vm’s(virtual machines)
can run directly on hardware without os
provides resources to vm
know as bare metal virtualization
hypervisor type 1
charges image drum
primary corona
wire/roller puts the toner on paper
transfer corona
writes image in drum
laser
melts toner to paper
fuser
picks up paper
can be cleaned/replaced
pickup rollers
separated paper
separation pad
used to print on both sides of the paper
duplexing assembly
measures how fast the device is traveling
accelerator
Power good, CPU, POST, boot loader, operating system
boot sequence
