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computer science > Hardware CPU > Flashcards

Hardware CPU Flashcards

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1
Q

Who created the Modern CPU architecture

A

Von Neumann

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2
Q

What is the difference between Harvard and Von Neumann

A

Neumann has a single memory storage

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3
Q

What component transfers information

A

Busses

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4
Q

What does the F stand for in FDE cycle

A

Fetch

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5
Q

What does the D stand for in FDE cycle

A

Decode

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6
Q

What does the E stand for in FDE cycle

A

Execute

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7
Q

What does an address bus do

A

It transfers the Info of the address needed to be accessed

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8
Q

What does a data bus do

A

Used to transfer Information

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9
Q

What is the CPU speed measured in

A

Hertz

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10
Q

What are cores in a CPU

A

How many FDE cycles can be carried out at once

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11
Q

What are key characteristics to Cache Memory

A

Very Fast and Small storage space

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12
Q

What does RISC stand for

A

Reduced instruction set computer

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13
Q

What does CISC stand for

A

Complex Instruction set computer

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14
Q

What type of instructions does CISC carry out

A

Complex Instructions

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15
Q

What type of instructions does RISC carry out

A

Reduced Instructions

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16
Q

Disadvantages of CISC

A

Produces Heat and Uses more electricity

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17
Q

Is CISC or RISC used in phones

A

RISC

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18
Q

Is CISC or RISC used in PC’s

A

CISC

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19
Q

What does GPU stand for

A

Graphics Processing Unit

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20
Q

What is the GPU used for

A

Rendering graphical images and Free up the CPU’s workload

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21
Q

What is Serial processing

A

Does One task at a time

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22
Q

What is parallel processing

A

Multiple tasks at the same time

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23
Q

What does The PC do in the FDE cycle

A

Keeps the address of the next instruction to be executed

24
Q

What does The MAR do in the FDE cycle

A

Stores the address in the memory about to be accessed

25
Q

What does The MDR do in the FDE cycle

A

temporarily holds the data that is being transferred to or from the memory

26
Q

What does The CIR do in the FDE cycle

A

Holds the ​current instruction​ being executed

27
Q

What does The ALU do in the FDE cycle

A

Executes operations

28
Q

What is the order of the FDE cycle

A

Research it

29
Q

what are bits

A

a measurement of storage

30
Q

How many bits are in a byte

A

8

31
Q

How many bytes are in a kilobyte

A

1000

32
Q

How many kilobytes are in a megabyte

A

1000

33
Q

How many colours can be in a 8 bit image

A

256

34
Q

How many Megabytes are in a Gigabyte

A

1000

35
Q

how to calculate the resolution

A

Number of pixels in length times number of pixels in width

36
Q

What is the normal ratio for resolution

A

16:9

37
Q

How do you Calculate the file size of an image

A

Width(in pixels) x height(in pixels) x colour depth(in bits)

38
Q

What is the amount of samples measured in

A

Sampling Rate

39
Q

What is digital data

A

it is analogue data represented in computer systems

40
Q

What do we use to capture sound

A

A microphone

41
Q

What is the ADC

A

Analogue to Digital Converter

42
Q

How is Sound stored

A

As Binary Data

43
Q

What is Bit Depth

A

The bit depth is the number of bits used to
represent each sample.

44
Q

What does a higher bit depth do

A

Record soundwaves more accurately

45
Q

How to calculate size of a sound file

A

Sample Rate x Bit Depth x Length of sound (in seconds)

46
Q

What are input Devices

A

Peripherals which provide Data

47
Q

What does a keyboard do

A

Allows a user to enter character data

48
Q

What does a microphone do

A

Captures analogue sound waves and converts them into electronic signals

49
Q

What does a graphic tablet do

A

Used to create digital drawings with a special Stylus

50
Q

What are Output devices

A

Peripherals which display data

51
Q

What does a 3d printer do

A

Print three-dimensional designs in solid form using plastic-based resin

52
Q

what does an inkjet printer do

A

Use liquid ink to produce rich color prints, suitable for photographs

53
Q

What does a speaker do

A

Generate sound waves from data received from a sound card

54
Q

What does a laser printer do

A

Use powdered ink called toner to print text quickly and efficiently

55
Q

What does a plotter do

A

Use pens to draw precise images, often used in engineering and architectural practices

computer science (4 decks)

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