Hardware Components of a Computer Flashcards
What is hardware?
Hardware refers to the physical parts of the computer system.
The components of hardware consist of 5 main categories:
- CPU
- Input devices
- Output devices
- Memory
- Storage
What role does the CPU play?
The CPU is the brain of the computer and it controls how the rest of the computer system works.
The CPU is made up of:
- Control Unit (CU)
- Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
What does the acronym CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
What is the function of the Control Unit?
The Control Unit carries out the instructions in the software and it directs the flow of data through the computer.
What is the function of The Arithmetic Logic Unit?
The Arithmetic and Logic Unit performs the calculations and logic operations
What do Logic operations do?
They carry out a particular action if a condition is met.
What is the function of Input Devices?
Input Devices get data into the computer.
Examples of Input Devices
Mouse, keyboard, scanner, touchpad, joystick, barcode reader
What is the function of Output Devices?
Output devices get processed information out of the computer.
Examples of Output Devices
Printer, monitor, headphones, plotter, speaker, screen projector
Where is the Peripheral Device located?
The Peripheral device is located outside of the CPU, but is still controlled by it.
What is the function of Memory?
Memory allows a computer to temporarily store instructions and data.
Primary Storage/Immediate Access Storage is usually slotted onto the….
Main board or motherboard of the computer.
State the two main types of Memory
RAM and ROM.
State the functions of RAM
- Stores program instructions that are awaiting execution.
- Stores data ready to be processed by the CPU
The acronyms RAM and ROM stand for…
RAM ; Random Access Memory
ROM ; Read-only Memory
State the functions of ROM
- It holds the programs and data when the computer is powered off.
Properties of RAM
- It is volatile.
- It temporarily stores data on the computer.
Properties of ROM
- It is non-volatile
- It permanently stores data inside the computer.
What is Secondary Storage?
Storage connects to a computer’s motherboard internally or externally. It is used to store data permanently.
Secondary Storage is also referred to as…?
Auxiliary or Backup Storage.
