Hardware and Software

Question 1

a number expressed using only zeros and ones

Answer 1

binary:

Question 2

a zero or one

Answer 2

bit

Question 3

a binary number with eight digits, also known as eight bits, also used as a measurement for data

Answer 3

byte:

Question 4

the set of instructions composed of numbers, constants, and addresses that are the result of compiling a Python program

Answer 4

bytecode

Question 5

the process of converting the instructions written by a programmer into machine language

Answer 5

compile:

Question 6

a number in base 10 using the digits from zero to nine

Answer 6

decimal:

Question 7

a number in base 16, using the digits from zero to nine along with A, B, C, D, E, and F

Answer 7

hexadecimal:

Question 8

a language used by computers consisting of binary instructions

Answer 8

machine language:

Question 9

a device that converts one voltage to another

Answer 9

adapter

Question 10

communication of the binary data via the voltage level for each time interval

Answer 10

digital signal

Question 11

a device that uses voice recognition to provide a service

Answer 11

voice assistant

Question 12

the push that makes electrons move in a wire; the greater the voltage, the stronger the push

Answer 12

voltage

Question 13

the high-speed fiber-optic pathways that carry large amounts of data between key strategic locations on the internet

Answer 13

backbone

Question 14

one of the computers on a network that is not the server computer network; two or more computers connected to each other

Answer 14

client

Question 15

a small text file stored on a user’s local computer that remembers settings for a website

Answer 15

cookie:

Question 16

the precisely formatted unit of data that travels from one computer to another (also referred to as a packet)

Answer 16

data packet

Question 17

part of a URL that corresponds to the web server’s address, such as microsoft.com

Answer 17

domain name:

Question 18

a protocol to control domain names (DNS)

Answer 18

Domain Name System

Question 19

a web page that contains elements that change

Answer 19

dynamic web page

Question 20

an application that sends and receives email addresses on an individual computer

Answer 20

email client

Question 21

a server that manages the sending and receiving of email messages

Answer 21

email server:

Question 22

the degree to which a network can continue to function despite one or more of its processes or components breaking or being unavailable

Answer 22

fault-tolerance:

Question 23

ability to prevent a file from being accidentally deleted or damaged

Answer 23

file protection:

Question 24

a protocol used for file transfer for the internet and within a private network (FTP)

Answer 24

File Transfer Protocol:

Question 25

a cookie placed on a user’s computer by the website being visited

Answer 25

first-party cookie:

Question 26

a protocol (a set of rules) for how web content should be sent and received by a web browser (HTTP)

Answer 26

Hypertext Transfer Protocol:

Question 27

a secure version of HTTP (HTTPS)

Answer 27

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

Question 28

a huge network of networks, enabling people to communicate with one another and share information worldwide

Answer 28

internet:

Question 29

an email protocol that retrieves email without deleting the email and its attachments from the server (IMAP)

Answer 29

Internet Message Access Protocol

Question 30

a protocol that defines the format and routing of data packets (IP)

Answer 30

internet protocol:

Question 31

a conceptual model used by devices that are part of the internet that enables the internet to function, also called the TCP/IP protocol suite

Answer 31

internet protocol suite:

Question 32

a company that provides internet access to customers for a fee (ISP)

Answer 32

Internet Service Provider: