Hardware

Question 1

What does RISC stand for?

Answer 1

Reduced Instruction Set Computer

Question 2

What does CISC stand for?

Answer 2

Complex Instruction Set Computer

Question 3

Out of RISC and CISC CPUs, which has a higher clock speed?

Answer 3

RISC CPUs run at lower clock speeds than CISC

Question 4

What does RAM stand for?

Answer 4

Random Access Memory

Question 5

What is RAM?

Answer 5

A volatile memory type, which stores programs and data currently in use.

Question 6

What does ROM stand for?

Answer 6

Read Only Memory

Question 7

What is ROM?

Answer 7

A non-volatile memory type, which stores programs and data that does not change.

Question 8

Name one factor of Cache.

Answer 8

One or more from this list;

• is volatile
• used for the temporary storage of frequently accessed data and instructions
• Accessed very quickly by the CPU; quicker than RAM

Question 9

Name one factor of Flash Memory.

Answer 9

One or both from this list;

• Is constructed NAND memory
• Permanent storage of data

Question 10

What are the components of CPU

Answer 10

Controller
ALU - Arithmetic and Logic Unit
Registers
Internal Memory

Question 11

What are the three types of Buses?

Answer 11

Address Bus - When data is saved or loaded from memory, the address at which it is to be stored or loaded from must be sent. The storage address of data always travels along an address bus.
Control Bus - The controller uses the control bus to send control signals to different parts of the computer.
Data Bus - Data will then need to be moved between several parts of a computer. The path along which data travels is called a data bus.

Question 12

What are the byte converstions?

Answer 12

8 bits = byte
1024bytes = Kilobyte
1024Kilobytes = Megabyte
1024Megabytes = Gigabyte
1024Gigabytes = Terabyte
1024Terabytes = Petabyte
1024Petabytes = Exabyte
1024Exabytes = Zettabyte
1024Zetabytes = Yettabyte

Question 13

What does PSU stand for and what is its function?

Answer 13

A PSU (or power supply unit) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer. Modern personal computers universally use switched-mode power supplies. Some power supplies have a manual switch for selecting input voltage, while others automatically adapt to the mains voltage.

Question 14

What is a Hard Disk?

Answer 14

A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive, or fixed disk[b] is an electro-mechanical data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material. The platters are paired with magnetic heads, usually arranged on a moving actuator arm, which read and write data to the platter surfaces. Data is accessed in a random-access manner, meaning that individual blocks of data can be stored or retrieved in any order and not only sequentially. HDDs are a type of non-volatile storage, retaining stored data even when powered off.

Question 15

What is a webcam?

Answer 15

webcam – short for ‘web camera’ – is a digital camera that’s connected to a computer. It can send live pictures from wherever it’s sited to another location by means of the internet. Many desktop computer screens and laptops come with a built-in camera and microphone, but if yours doesn’t, you can add a separate webcam at any time.

There are various types. Some are plugged into computers through USB ports, but others are wireless (wifi). Other features might include:

an integral microphone
the ability to pan and tilt
in-built sensors that can detect movement and start recording
a light that, when on, will let you know that the camera is in use.

Question 16

What is a Motherboard?

Answer 16

A motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard), is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds, and allows, communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. A motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems such as the central processor, the chipset’s input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general purpose use and applications.

Question 17

What is SSD?

Answer 17

Random access memory (RAM) is a type of data storage used in computers that is generally located on the motherboard. This type of memory is volatile and all information that was stored in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. Volatile memory is temporary memory while ROM (read-only memory) is non-volatile and holds data permanently when the power is turned off.

The RAM chip may be individually mounted on the motherboard or in sets of several chips on a small board connected to the motherboard. Older memory types were in the form of chips called dual in-line package (DIP). Although DIP chips are still used today, the majority of memory is in the form of a module, a narrow printed circuit board attached to a connector on the motherboard. The three main memory circuit boards types containing chips are: RIMMs (Rambus in-line memory modules), DIMMs (dual in-line memory modules) and SIMMs (single in-line memory modules). Most motherboards today use DIMMs.

Question 18

What is an External DVD Drive?

Answer 18

An optical drive is a type of computer disk drive that reads and writes data from optical disks through laser beaming technology.

This type of drive allows a user to retrieve, edit and delete the content from optical disks such as CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray disks. Optical drives are among the most common computer components.

An optical drive may also be known as an optical disk drive (ODD).

Question 19

What is a USB?

Answer 19

A USB flash drive is a device used for data storage that includes a flash memory and an integrated Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface. Most USB flash drives are removable and rewritable. Physically, they are small, durable and reliable. The larger their storage space, the faster they tend to operate. USB flash drives are mechanically very robust because there are no moving parts. They derive the power to operate from the device to which they are connected (typically a computer) via the USB port.
Definition online

Question 20

What are Wired Headphones?

Answer 20

Headphones are a hardware device that can be plugged into a computer, laptop, smartphone, mp3 player or other device to privately listen to audio without disturbing anyone in the vicinity. They are plug-and-play devices and do not require any sort of installation before use.

Headphones are also known as earphones, or depending on the style, earbuds.

Question 21

What are Speakers?

Answer 21

Speakers are one of the most common output devices used with computer systems. Some speakers are designed to work specifically with computers, while others can be hooked up to any type of sound system. Regardless of their design, the purpose of speakers is to produce audio output that can be heard by the listener.