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CompTIA A+ 1101 2nd Attempt > Hardware > Flashcards

Hardware Flashcards

1
Q

specialized program code stored in flash memory; very closely tied to the basic functions of a specific
hardware device type and model; provides low-level code to allow PC components installed on a particular motherboard to be initialized so that they can load the main operating system software

A

Firmware

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2
Q

system setup program is accessed via a keystroke during the power-on (boot) process, typically when the PC vendor’s logo is displayed. The key combination used will vary from system to system. What are typical examples?

A

Esc, Del, F1, F2, F10, or F12

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3
Q

This defines the order in which the system firmware searches devices for a boot manager

A

boot options sequence or boot device priority

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4
Q

Feature of system setup that prevents the computer from booting until the correct user password is supplied. A supervisor password restricts access to the system setup program.

A

boot password

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5
Q

Specification for secure hardware-based storage of encryption keys,
hashed passwords, and other user- and platform-identification information.

A

trusted platform module (TPM)

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6
Q

An appliance for generating and storing cryptographic keys. This sort of solution may be less susceptible to tampering and insider threats than software based storage.

A

hardware security module (HSM)

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7
Q

What widely supported boot method is missing from the following list? HDD, Optical, USB.

A

Network/PXE (Pre-eXecution Environment)—obtaining boot information from a specially configured server over the network.

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8
Q

When you are configuring firmware-enforced security, what is the difference between a supervisor password and a user password?

A

The user password allows the boot sequence to continue, while a supervisor password controls access to the firmware setup program.

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9
Q

True or false? A TPM provides secure removable storage so that encryption keys can be used with different computers.

A

False. A trusted platform module (TPM) provides secure storage for a single computer as it is an embedded function of the CPU or motherboard chipset. The term hardware security module (HSM) is sometimes used to describe a secure USB thumb drive for storing encryption keys on portable media.

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10
Q

Allows the machine when it’s power is turned on to check that hardware components are there and that they are functioning

A

POST (Power-on Self Test)

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11
Q

Which of the following is about the configuration of settings for firmware, BIOS or CMOS?

A

CMOS

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12
Q

Standard form factor for most desktop PC motherboards and cases. Full size is 12”x9.6”; contains up to 7 expansion slots

A

Advanced Technology Extended (ATX)

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13
Q

Motherboard form factor; 9.6”x9.6” square board; maximum of 4 expansion slots

A

Micro-ATX

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14
Q

Motherboard form factor; 6.7”x6.7” square; one expansion slot

A

Mini-ITX

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15
Q

CPU socket form factor used predominantly by Intel where connector pins are located on the socket.

A

land grid array (LGA)

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16
Q

CPU socket form factor used predominantly by AMD where connector pins are located on the
CPU package.

A

pin grid array (PGA)

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17
Q

How many bits does a x86 CPU architecture use?

A

32-bit

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18
Q

How many bits does a x64 architecture CPU use?

A

64-bit

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18
Q

What is the maximum of addressable memory for 32-bit machines?

A

up to 4 Gb

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19
Q

What do you call a CPU with multiple CPUs within a single physical chip

A

Multi-Core

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20
Q

What do you call a motherboard with multiple physical CPU chips?

A

Multi-socket

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21
Q

CPU architecture that exposes two or more logical processors to the OS, delivering performance benefits similar to multicore and multisocket to threaded applications.

A

Multithreading

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22
Q

Firmware cryptographic solution; Specification for secure hardware-based storage of encryption keys, hashed passwords, and other user- and platform-identification information. Encrypts data at rest, stores keys.

A

TPM (Trusted Platform Module)

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23
Q

External or removable cryptographic component; can generate key pairs, key storage, can perform encryption/decryption

A

HSM (Hardware Security Module (HSM)

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24
Q

a PCIe card will fit in any port with an equal or greater number of lanes

A

Up-plugging

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25
Q

Fitting a longer PCIe card into a shorter slot, so long as the card is not obstructed by other features in the case

A

Down-plugging

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26
Q

How many watts can a PCIe supply to a graphics card via a dedicated graphics adapter slot?

A

75W

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27
Q

PCIe can supply how much power over non-graphics cards?

A

25W

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28
Q

Cable transmission type that transmits one bit at a time, more common type and faster

A

Serial

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29
Q

Cable transmission type that transmits multiple bits simultaneously, more slow and has smaller transmission distance

A

Parallel

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30
Q

What is the speed and distance of a Cat 5 cable?

A

100 Mbps at 100 m

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31
Q

What is the speed and distance of a Cat 5e cable?

A

1 Gbps at 100 m

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32
Q

What is the speed and distance of a Cat 6 cable?

A

1 Gbps at 100m or 10 GBps at 55m

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33
Q

What is the speed and distance of a Cat 6a cable?

A

10 GBps at 100m

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34
Q

What order are the cables in the T568A Wiring standard?

A

GW/G/OW/B/BW/O/BrW/Br

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35
Q

What order are the cables in the T568B Wiring standard?

A

OW/O/GW/B/BW/G/BrW/Br

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36
Q

a bayonet-style connector that uses a push-and-twist locking mechanism; it is used mostly for multi-mode fiber networks.

A

Straight Tip (ST)

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37
Q

a small form factor connector with a tabbed push/pull design; the smaller size allows for higher port density

A

Lucent Connector (LC)

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38
Q

has a push/pull design that allows for simpler insertion and removal than fiber channel (FC) connector. There are simplex and duplex versions, though the duplex version is just two connectors clipped
together. It can be used for single- or multi-fiber mode

A

Subscriber Connector (SC)

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39
Q

How many pins does a VGA connector have?

A

15 pins

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40
Q

How many pins does a DB9 Connector have?

A

9 pins

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41
Q

How many pins does a Molex power connector have?

42
Q

How many pins does a legacy SCSI cable have?

A

50 pin ribbon cable

43
Q

A measure of electrical potential difference between 2 conductive points

44
Q

Measure of electrical current

A

Amperes (Amps, A)

45
Q

Resistance when discussing electricity

46
Q

AKA Volt-amperes (VA); True power; power draw

47
Q

How many pins does a power connector for a PSU?

A

20 or 24 pins

48
Q

What color wire represents 5V?

49
Q

What color wire represents 3.3V?

50
Q

What color wire represents 12V?

51
Q

What color wire represents ground?

52
Q

How much voltage output do expansion cards and integrated circuits need?

53
Q

How much voltage output do HDD motors and fans need?

54
Q

What are the 4 most common rotational speeds for an HDD?

A

5400, 7200, 10000, 15000

55
Q

What is the small form Factor size for HDD?

56
Q

What is the standard form factor size for an HDD?

57
Q

What is the maximum storage capacity of a CD?

58
Q

What is the maximum storage capacity of a DVD?

A

4.7 GB for a single layer, single-sided; 17 GB for a dual-layer, dual-sided disc

59
Q

What is the maximum storage capacity of a Blu-Ray?

A

25 GB per layer

60
Q

What is the maximum storage capacity of a Ultra High Definition Blu-Ray?

61
Q

What is a group of physical or virtual disks working together?

62
Q

RAID type: Striped volume; at least 2 physical discs; no fault tolerance; increases performance

63
Q

Raid type: Mirrored volume; at least 2 physical discs; writes exact thing to the 2nd disc in the volume; provides fault tolerance; increased read performance

64
Q

RAID type: Striping with distributed parity; has error recovery/rebuilding information; commonly used in servers

65
Q

RAID Type: Requires a minimum of 4 discs; combines mirroring and striping

66
Q

Which port does iSCSI usually use?

A

TCP port 3260

67
Q

How much throughput can a DDR3 RAM support?

68
Q

How much throughput can a DDR4 RAM support?

69
Q

How much throughput can a DDR5 RAM support?

70
Q

Network storage accessible over a standard IP network; similar to a dedicated file server

A

NAS (Network Attached Storage)

71
Q

Allows access at the disc block level over the network; looks like a local raw disc

72
Q

Storage that Typically uses TCP port 3260

73
Q

Network dedicated to provisioning storage resources, typically consisting of storage devices and servers connected to switches via host bus adapters.

A

Storage area network

74
Q

RAM that uses a 9th error checking bit for every byte of memory

A

Parity RAM

75
Q

RAM that not only detects but also corrects common memory corruption issues

A

Error Correcting Code (ECC)

76
Q

printer that has a rotating cylindrical imaging drum

A

Laser printer

77
Q

In a laser printer, where does the printer write negatively charged areas?

A

To the drum

78
Q

In a laser printer, which charge (positive or negative) is the toner?

79
Q

What part of the laser printer brings paper into the printer?

A

Pickup rollers

80
Q

What part of a laser printer ensures that a single piece of paper is fed into the printer?

A

separation pad

81
Q

In this phase of a laser printer process, the job is received by the printer and the image is prepared and stored in the printer’s memory

A
  1. Processing phase
82
Q

In this phase of a laser printer process, the imaging drum gets charged with a negative voltage

A
  1. Charging phase
83
Q

In this phase of a laser printer process, the print job is written to the rotating drum using the laser

A
  1. Exposing phase
84
Q

In this phase of a laser printer process, the toner gets applied to the drum

A
  1. Developing phase
85
Q

In this phase of a laser printer process, the toner is transferred from the drum to the paper

A
  1. Transferring phase
86
Q

In this phase of a laser printer process, the toner is fused (or melted) onto the paper

A
  1. Fusing phase
87
Q

In this phase of a laser printer process, a scraping device removes any excess or residual toner from the printing mechanism

A
  1. Cleaning phase
88
Q

printer that uses ink cartridges moved across paper by a carriage belt

A

Inkjet printer

89
Q

What type of printer uses pressure or electrical pulses to force ink out of tiny nozzles?

A

Inkjet printer

90
Q

In order to make sure the cartridge nozzles in an inkjet printer know where the edges of the paper are and correct dimensions, one must do this

A

calibrate the cartridge nozzles

91
Q

One needs to think about and consider how quickly it can produce print jobs. This can be determined by…

A

pages per minute (PPM)

92
Q

Type of printer that is common with POS receipts; uses coated paper, heat sensitivity

A

Thermal printer

93
Q

This type of printer heats regions on the paper to form the printout and then darken

A

Thermal printer

94
Q

dot matrix printer; a print head uses electrical charges for pins to form shapes

A

Impact printer

95
Q

Type of printer that has print head pins that impact paper through an ink ribbon to form characters on paper

A

Impact (or dot matrix) printer

96
Q

paper edges on this type of printer are designed to be tractor-fed into the printer

A

Impact printer

97
Q

This type of printer is useful for printing multiple carbon copies in one print pass

A

impact printer

98
Q

this type of printer can be useful for creating simple replacement parts, product prototyping

A

3D printer

99
Q

this type of printing requires Computer Aided Design (CAD) software

A

3D printer

100
Q

This type of printer uses material layering to create physical objects on the print bed

A

3D printer

101
Q

This type of cooling should be implemented when convective methods will not work; it gets colder when voltage is applied

A

Peltier cooling

102
Q

Which components must pass a computer’s POST before an OS will load?

A

Memory, CPU, and video card

CompTIA A+ 1101 2nd Attempt (5 decks)

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