Hardware Flashcards
Hardware
the physical parts of a computer system, something you can touch
ie. a keyboard. monitor
Binary Numbering System
numbers using two symbols, 0 and 1
Input Devices
components that allow users to input data
ie. mouse, scanners
Output Devices
Moniters
speakers
printers
CPU
Central Processing Unit
What is a CPU
The chip located inside the system unit of a computer that performs the processing for a computer.
Motherboard
the main circuit board
- CPU, memory, storage components and other things are connected to it.
RAM
Random-Access Memory
What is RAM
working memory that can transfer data faster than the hard disk.
Why is RAM volatile?
It can store data as long as it receives power.
Once the computer is turned off, any data stored in RAM is lost.
What is an SSD?
Solid State Drive
A more reliable drive that has no moving parts and uses flash memory that incorporates EEPROM
EEPROM
Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
What is an example of REMOVABLE DATA?
USBs
Network Connections
Computer that has wireless network capabilities
Bluetooth
Wireless technology
exchanges data over short distances of 10 meters up to 100 meters using radio waves.
Bus
refers to the electrical connections between different computer components
Byte
a group of 8 bits
Cache memory
group of fast memory chips located on or near the CPU to help speed up proccessing
Control unit
the part of the CPU that coordinates its operations
Decode unit
the part of the CPU that translates instructions into form that can be processed by CPU
Chipset
A set of electronic components in an integrated circuit that manages the data flow between processor, memory, and peripherals.
Read-only Memory (ROM)
nonerasable chips located on the motherboard into which data or programs have been permanently stored. Nonvolatile memory
Basic input-output system (BIOS)
includes boot firmware and power management firmware
CMOS Battery
Attached to the motherboard.
A CR2032 battery that powers the memory for date and time in the BIOS chip.
Von Neumann Architeture
A stored-program computer in which an instruction fetch and a data operation can not occur at the same time because they share a common bus.
Sockets
where one or more microprocessors may be installed
Slots
the systems main memory is to be installed
Flash memory
A type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased and reprogrammed; commonly implemented in the of sticks or cards.
What are peripherals devices?
What a computer can read to receive or out information.
What are optical scanners?
light-emitting devices to illuminate the printing paper
What are barcode scanners?
they detect sequences of vertical line of different widths
what is a server?
A dedicated computer that provides services on behalf of clients, such as ordinary desktop computers or workstations.
What is the difference between a HUB and a switch?
A hub connects all of the network devices together on an internal network that filters data and is copied to the devices connected to the hub.
A switch can detect a specific network by learning the physical address of the devices, it stores and directs data to an intended port.
what is a router
A device that forwards data from one network to another based on IP address.
what is the difference between hubs, switches, and routers
Hubs and switches are used to create networks.
Routers are used to connect networks.
