Hard to remember NDEB content Flashcards
Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome
fissured tongue + granulomatous cheilitis + facial paralysis (Mels Bells, Rosy Red)
Sturge Weber syndrome
angiomas of leptomenginges + skin along distribution of trigeminal nerve
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
freckles + intestinal polyps + melanotic macules
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
herpes zoster reactivation affecting cranial nerves VII and VIII (facial paralysis, vertigo, deafness)
Sutton disease
major aphthous ulcer
Stevens Johnson Syndrome
Erythema multiforme major
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
Mucosal atrophy + dysphagia + iron deficiency anaemia + increased oral cancer risk (SCC)
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
multiple neuromas + medullary thyroid cancer + pheochromocytoma of adrenal gland
Neurofibromatosis type I/Von recklinghausen’s disease
multiple neurofibromas (schwann cells and fibroblasts) + café au lait spots + axillary and iris freckles- neurofibromas can transform to neurofibrosarcomas
McCune-Albright Syndrome
fibrous dysplasia + cutaneous cafe au lait spots + endocrine abnormalities
2 syndromes associated with sarcoidosis
-Lofgren’s syndrome: erythema nodosum + bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy + arthritis
-Heerfordt Syndrome/uveoparotid fever: anterior uveitis + parotid gland enlargement + facial nerve palsy + fever
Warthin’s tumour
composed of oncocytes + lymphoid cells (found in parotid of older men)
Cells associated with Hodgkin’s vs Non-Hodgekins Lymphoma
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: malignant B cells (Reed-Sternberg cells)
Non-Hodgkin/s Lymphoma: B or T cells
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Type of B cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma with bone marrow involvement
-Swelling, pain, tooth mobility
-Lip paraesthesia
-Halted root development
-Associated with oral hairy leukoplakia (EBV)
Gardner Syndrome
multiple odontomas + intestinal polyps
Leukaemia type most common in young > old
(young) AL > CM > AM >CL (old)
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telengiectasia (HHT)
-AKA: Olser-Weber-Rendu Syndrome
Iron deficiency anemia + epistaxis,+ abnormal capillary formation of skin, mucosa, viscera + can be blanched
Osteopetrosis/Albergs-Schonberg disease/Marble bone disease
Lack of bone remodelling and resorption leads to “stone bone”
Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour/Pindborg Tumour
Radiolucency w/ driven snow calcifications, leisegang rings
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour
Radiolucency in anterior maxilla and over impacted canines
Odontogenic myxoma
slimy stroma, messy radiolucency, honeycomb pattern
2 types of odontogenic fibroma
- Central: bone, well-defined multilocular
- Peripheral: gum and won’t show radiographically
Ameloblastic fibroma
Younger patients, posterior mandible, myxomatous connective tissue
Central ossifying fibroma
Juvenile = aggressive varient.
Heterogenous radiopacity/lucency
Osteoblastoma
circumscribed opaque mass of bone and osteoblasts
Ewing’s Sarcoma
sarcoma of long bones involving “round cells”, rarely affects jaws, affects children, swelling
Metastatic carcimoma
Pain swelling and paraesthesis, ill defined bony changes, breast cancer most common
Granular cell tumour
Neoplasm of schwann cells, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) mimics SCC, dorsal of tongue
Giant cell lesions (6)
- Central Giant Cell Granuloma:
- Aneurysmal bone cyst:
- Hyperparathyroidism/Von Recklinghausen’s disease of bone
- Cherubism:
- Langerhans Cell Disease/Idiopathic histiocytosis:
- Paget’s Disease
Central Giant Cell Granuloma
composed of fibroblasts + giant cells, anterior mandible (central and peripheral)
Aneurysmal bone cyst
blood filled pseudocyst, multilocular radiolucency, posterior mandible, expansile, excision
Hyperparathyroidism
Von Recklinghausen’s disease of bone
-Multiple bone lesions, brown tumour (excess osteoclast activity), elevated alkaline phosphatase
Cherubism
symmetrical, expansile bilateral swelling, multilocular, stops growing after puberty
Langerhans Cell Disease/Idiopathic histiocytosis
cancer, “ice cream scoop” radiolucencies, floating teeth
Paget’s Disease
Progressive metabolic disease of bone causing symmetrical enlargement
-adults over 50
-elevated alkaline phosphatase due to bone breakdown
-“cotton wool” appearance
-dentures/hats become tight
-treated with bisphosphonates and calcitonin
Multiple Myeloma
-Neoplasm of antibody secreting B cells (plasma cells)
-Punched out radiolucencies
-Amyloidosis
Van der woude syndrome
Lip pits + clefts
Gorlin syndrome
AKA Nevoid basal cell carcinoma
- Multiple OKCs, BCC’s
Fibrous Dysplasia
- Ground glass appearance
- Stops growing after puberty
- Tx: surgical recontour for aesthetics
What are the histologic zones of the pulp?
Predentine
Odontoblastic layer
Cell-free zone of Weil
Cell-rich zone
Pulp core
Where is the danger zone for strip perforation in endo?
Distal surface of mesial root of md molars due to concavity of root at the furcation
What is Class I-VI Ellis Classification for trauma?
I: enamel only
II: enamel and dentine
III: enamel, dentine, pulp
IV: traumatised tooth that has become non-vital
V: luxation
VI: avulsion
MTA- action, minerals, setting time, characteristics
-Stimulates cementoblasts
-Calcium, silicon, aluminium
-3 hour setting time
-Sets in presence of moisture
-Antimicrobial
-Non-resorbable
T. Denticola
-ANUG/ANUP
-Motile, gram-negative spirochete
-Penetrates epithelium and connective tissue
-Red complex
C. Rectus
-Motile, gram-negative rod
-Orange complex
Which bacteria are non-motile, gram negative rods?
F. Nucleatum
P. Intermedia
T. Forsythia
P.gingivalis
A. Actinomycetemcomitans
Where are Actinomyces found?
Healthy gingiva, root caries
Bacteria in infected root canal vs reinfected root canal
Infected: Streptococcus viridens
Reinfected: E. faecalis
Which condition is often associated with HHT (hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia)
Iron deficiency anemia
- Epistaxis (nosebleed) common too
How to manage moderate OAC (2-6mm)
4A’s and Figure 8 suture
Antibiotic
Antihistamine
Analgesic
Afrin (vasoconstrictor decongestant spray)
Blood supply to the TMJ (4)
MADS
Maxillary
Ascending pharyngeal
Deep auricular
Superficial temporal
Epstein Pearls vs Bohn’s nodules
What is a brown tumour
Benign mass
- associated with hyperparathyroidism or end stage renal disease / kidney transplant
How to differentiate between haemangioma and haematoma
Hemangioma blanches upon diascopy
Hematoma does not blanch
Red complex bacteria
T Forsythia
P Gingivalis
T Denticola
Orange complex bacteria
P intermedia
Fusobacterium Nucleatum
C Rectus
Most common oral bacterium, non-pathogenic
S Salivarius
Bac responsible for root caries
Actinomyces
What is the “bridging” bacterium that supports/links early and later colonizer bacteria in plaque
Fusobacterium Nucleatum
