Hard Ticks And Diseases Flashcards
ID ticks, names, number of hosts, associated diseases
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus
African blue tick
1 Host tick
Cattle
- Babesia bigemina: African Redwater
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick borne gall sickness
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus
Pantropic / Asiatic Blue tick
1 Host tick
Cattle
- Babesia bovis: Asiatic redwater
- Babesia bigemina: African redwater
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick-borne gall-sickness
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus
North American cattle tick
1 Host tick
Cattle:
- Babesia bovis: Asiatic redwater
- Babesia bigemina: African redwater
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick-borne gall-sickenss
Margaropus winthemi
Winter horse / SA beady-legged tick
1 Host tick
Not a known vector for any pathogen
Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi /
Rhipicephalus evertsi mimeticus
Red legged tick / Namibian red legged tick
2 Host tick
Cattle:
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick-borne gall-sickness
Horses: (equine piroplasmosis)
- Babesia cabali
- Theileria equi
Rhipicephalus bursa
2 Host tick
Cattle:
- Babesia bigemina / bovis: African / Asiatic redwater
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick-borne gall-sickness
Horses: (equine piroplasmosis)
- Babesia cabali
- Theileria equie
Sheep:
- Babesia motasi / ovis
- Anaplasma ovis
- Theileria separata
- Ehrlichia ovina
- Paralysis
Humans:
- Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever
Hyalomma marginatum rufipes /
Hyalomma truncatum
Coarse legged / hairy bont legged ticks /
Small shiny bont legged tick
2 Host tick
Cattle:
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick-borne gall-sickness
- Theileria annulata: Theileriosis / Mediterranean coast fever
Horses: (equine piroplasmosis)
- Theileria equi
- Babesia cabali
Humans:
- Virus: Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever
*H. truncatum*
- Toxin = Sweating sickness in calves
Rhipicephalus glabroscutatum
Smooth Brown tick
2 Host tick
Adults are often found with A. hebraum
Associated with foot abscesses and lameness in goats
Rhipicephalus appendiculatus / Rhipicephalus zambeziensis
Brown ear tick
3 Host tick
Cattle:
- Theilerai parva: East Coast Fever (fatal)
- Zimbabwe Theileriosis
- Corridor Disease
- Theileria taurotragi: Benign Theileriosis
Rhipicephalus simus
Glossy brown tick
3 Host tick
Cattle:
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick-borne gall-sickness
*Toxin*
- Paralysis in calves & lambs
Rhipicephalus warburtoni
Brown paralysis tick
3 Host tick
*Toxin*
Tick prefers hilly areas thus goat kids are most affected (adult sheep may also be affected)
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Kennel tick / Brown dog tick
3 Host tick
Dogs:
- Babesia canis: Canine babesiosis
- Babesia gibsoni: Canine babesiosis
- Ehrlichia canis: Ehrlichiosis / Tick-bite fever
*When infected tick is ingested*
- Hepatozoon canis: Hepatozoonosis
Ixodes rubicundus
Karoo paralysis tick
3 Host tick
Life cycle takes 2 years
* Female toxin *
- Paralysis: Sheep & goats
Ixodes pilosus
Sourveld tick
3 Host tick
Not known to transmit any disease
Ixodes ricinus
Castor bean tick / Sheep tick
3 Host tick
Cattle:
- Babesia bovis: Asiatic redwater
- Babesia divergens
- Anaplasma marginale: Tick-borne gall-sickness
Sheep:
- Virus: Louping illness: Ovine Encephalomyelitis
Ixodes holocyclus
Paralysis tick
3 Host tick
* Toxin *
- Only need 2 engorging females = ascending paralysis in calves; fatal if untreated
- Dogs that recover have cardiac lesions: diagnosable with ECG
- Holocyclotoxin antivenene = commercially available
Amblyomma hebraum
South African bont tick
3 Host tick
Cattle / sheep/ goats:
- Ehrlichia ruminantium: Heart water
Cattle:
- Theileria mutans
- Theileria vilifera
*Bite wounds*
- Long mouth parts = Abscesses attracting blow flies (Chrysomya bezziana) = maggots causing major damagee
Amblyomma variegatum
Tropical bont tick
3 Host tick
Not in SA
Cattle:
- Ehrlichia ruminantium: Heartwater
Transmission & Exacerbation of Dermatophilosis
Haemophysalis elliptica
Yellow dog tick
3 Host tick
Dogs:
- Babesia canis rossi: canine Babesiosis
Humans:
- Rickettsia conori: Tick bite fever in humans
Common hard ticks found on cattle
- R. decoloratus
- R. microplus
- R. evertsi evertsi
- R. simus
- Hyalomma spp.
- Amblyomma spp.
Common hard ticks found on sheep and goats
- R. evertsi evertsi
- I. rubicundus
- Hyalomma spp.
- Amblyomma spp.
Common hard ticks found on horses
- M. winthemi
- R. evertsi evertsi
- R. decoloratus (and others mainly found on cattle)
Hard ticks found on dogs
- R. sanguineus
- H. elliptica
- R. simus
Toxin producing ticks
- R. evertsi evertsi (Spring lamb paralysis)
- R. bursa (Paralysis in sheep)
- H. truncatum (Sweating sickness in calves)
- R. simus (Paralysis in calves & lambs)
- R. warburtoni (Paralysis in kids & adult sheep)
- I. rubicundus (Paralysis in sheep & goats)
- I. holocyclus (Ascending paralysis in calves)











