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DAOB Dental Anatomy > Hard Dental Tissues > Flashcards

Hard Dental Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 hard tissues of the teeth?

A

Dentin, Enamel, Cementum

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2
Q

This is the hardest substances in the human body

A

Enamel

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3
Q
  1. Enamel is thickest at what part of the tooth?
  2. What colors is enamel?
  3. Enamel is extremely brittle, the hardness decreases as it approaches what part of the tooth?
A
  1. Cusp tips
  2. Yellow-white, grayish white, translucent
  3. Dentoenamel junction
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4
Q

Is enamel permeable?

A

Yes, but permeability decreases as you age

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5
Q
  1. Enamel is 96% of this inorganic substance….
  2. It is 3%…
  3. It is 1%…
A
  1. Hydroxyapatite
  2. Water
  3. Organic
    4.
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6
Q

This part of the enamel reflects appositional growth during the formation of the crown

A

Striaes of Retzius (Retzius lines)

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7
Q

In newly erupted teeth, the cervical retzius lines end at the surface in a groove called the….

A

Perikymata

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8
Q

This is an accentuated line of Retzius, it marks the division between enamel formed before birth and that which is produced after birth. It has an application in forensic dentistry.

A

Neonatal Lines

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9
Q

Where are neonatal lines found?

A

Deciduous teeth and cusps of 1st permanent molars

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10
Q

These are present in enamel and are thin rods or prisms that stand upright on the surface of dentin. They are important for restoration by providing support for enamel via underlying dentin

A

Enamel Rods

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11
Q

How are enamel rods oriented in the tooth?

A

Perpendicular to the enamel surface at every point of the crown.

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12
Q

The fundmental morphologic unit of enamel is the…

A

Enamel Rod

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13
Q

Each enamel rod is formed in increments by…

A

Ameloblasts

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14
Q

Rods transverse uninterrupted through the thickness of enamel. They number 5 to 12 million per crown. They increase in diameter as they flare outward from the…

A

DEJ

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15
Q

Enamel rods have two parts in a cross section

A

Body and tail

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16
Q

Identify the types of enamel

A
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17
Q

These occur as the result of failure of the enamel to coalesce between developmental lobes, resulting in invagination of the surface.

A

Fissures

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18
Q

This is non-coalesced enamel at the deepest point of the fossa

A

Pit

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19
Q

Pits and fissures are more susceptible to acid because the enamel is..

A

Non-coalesced

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20
Q
  1. Enamel requires the support of….
  2. What’s in the middle of this tooth?
A
  1. Dentin
  2. Pit
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21
Q

Because of its high mineral content (96%), enamel is extremely vulnerable when exposed to…

A

Acid (demineralizes the surface)

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22
Q

What does fluoride reduce in the hard dental tissues that makes it effective against dental caries?

A

It reduces solubility, enamels can remineralize and incorporate ions like calcium, phosphate and fluoride

23
Q

What’s visible in this photo?

A

DEJ, Dentin, Enamel

24
Q
  1. The DEJ is HYPO/HYPER mineralized
  2. It has ______ enamel, without individual rods or prisms
A
  1. Hypermineralized
  2. Aprismatic
25
Q

What is the shape of the DEJ?

A

Scalloped

26
Q

What are the contents of dentin (percentages)?

A
  1. 70% hydroxyapatite
  2. 20% Type I Collagen
  3. 10% water
27
Q

Dentin is softer than _____ but harder than _____

A

Softer than enamel, harder than bone

28
Q
  1. This tissue supports and cushions enamel.
  2. Can it become deformed?
  3. What color is it?
  4. How does it grow?
A
  1. Dentin
  2. Yes, it is elastic
  3. Yellow
  4. Continuously, keeps growing
29
Q

What is the origin of dentin?

A

Ectomesenchyme

30
Q
  1. What cells make dentin?
  2. Where are they located?
A
  1. Odontoblasts
  2. The periphery of the pulp, adjacent to newly formed dentin which is formed throughout life. (important for restoration, things can go through tubules to root)
31
Q

Odontoblasts have protoplasmic extensions which enter the dentin in circular channels termed..

A

Dentin Tubules

32
Q
  1. Where are dental tubules are smallest in diameter and are furthest apart?
  2. Where do they have the largest diameter?
A
  1. Near the DEJ
  2. Near the pulp
33
Q

!

A

!

34
Q

This is the bulk of dentin formed in the crown and root before the apical foramen is closed. It has regular formation.

A

Primary Dentin

35
Q
  1. This type of dentin develops after root completion. There is slow, continued deposition throughout life.
  2. Is it regular or irregularly structured?
A

Secondary Dentin

Irregularly structured

36
Q

Secondary dentin is deposited unevenly on which surface. Deposition and calcification over time cause it to thin in the elderly.

A

Pulpal surface

37
Q

An elderly pulp chamber may contain which type of dentin?

A

Secondary Dentin

38
Q
  1. This type of dentin develops in response to injury, attrition, a carious lesion or a restorative procedure. It is deposited in localized areas beneath the area of trauma
  2. Does it have a regular structure?
A
  1. Tertiary Dentin
  2. No, irregular
39
Q

Identify the types of dentin in the picture

A
40
Q

This category of dentin forms the walls of tubules and is highly mineralized

A

Peritubular dentin

41
Q

This type of dentin is between the dentinal tubules, they are secretory products of the odontoblasts. It has lower calcification that peritubular.

A

Intertubular Dentin

42
Q

What type of collagen does intertubular dentin mostly consist of?

A

Type I

43
Q

Identify the 2 structures

A
44
Q
  1. What is cementum derived from?
  2. What type of cells form it?
A
  1. Ectomesenchyme
  2. Cementoblasts
45
Q

This is hard dental tissue is softer than dentin and covers the anatomic roots of teeth. It is the most bone like tissue.

A

Cementum

46
Q
  1. Where is cementum the thinnest?
  2. Where is it the thickest?
A
  1. The cementoenamel junction
  2. At the apex
47
Q

How is cementum deposited in terms of time?

A

Continuously throughout life

48
Q

This is the term for excessive cementum

A

Hypercementosis

49
Q

What color is cementum?

A

Light yellow, lighter than dentin. It lacks luster as compared with enamel

50
Q

What are the chemical components of cementum?

A

50% organic, 45% inorganic, 5% water (much softer tissue)

51
Q

What are the two types of cementum?

A

Cellular and Acellular

52
Q
  1. Cellular cementum contains entrapped cells called…
  2. Where are these located?
A
  1. cementocytes
  2. Apical half of cementum
53
Q

This type of cementum has an adaptive role in response to tooth wear and movement, it is associated with repair and regeneration of periodontal tissues

A

Cellular Cementum (cementocytes)

54
Q
  1. This type of cementum does not contain cells and serves as anchorage and attachment of the tooth
  2. Where is it located?
A
  1. Acellular Cementum
  2. Coronal half of the root

DAOB Dental Anatomy (6 decks)

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