Hard and Soft Water Flashcards
What does soft water readily form with soap?
Lather
What does hard water react with soap to form?
Scum, so more soap is needed to form lather
What type of detergents don’t form scum?
Soapless detergents
What does hard water contain?
Dissolved compounds, usually calcium or magnesium
When do compounds dissolve into water?
When it comes into contact with rocks
What are the two types of hard water?
Permanent and Temporary
When boiled, what does permanent hard water do?
Remain hard
When boiled, what does temporary hard water do?
Soften
What ions does temporary hard water contain?
Hydrogencarbonate ions (HCO3-)
What do hydrogencarbonate ions decompose into when heated?
Carbonate ions
What do the carbonate ions react with? What do they form?
Calcium and Magnesium, forming precipitates
Why does using hard water increase costs?
Because more soap is needed
What does temporary hard water produce when heated?
Scale
What does scale do?`
Reduce the efficiency of heating systems and kettles
What are some of the benefits of hard water?
The calcium compounds are good for development and maintenance of bones and teeth, also help to reduce heart disease
