HAPP: Respiratory (Book) Flashcards
consists of external nose and the nasal cavity
Nose or nasus
it is the visible structure that forms a prominent feature of the face
External nose
The largest part of the external nose is composed of ________?
hyaline cartilage plates
T or F
The nasal bones plus extensions of the frontal and maxillary bones constitute the bridge of the nose.
True
The open chamber inside the nose where air first enters the respiratory system
Nasal cavity
It begins at the anterior external openings called the nares or nostrils
Nasal cavity
It extends to posterior openings into the pharynx, these openings are called _______?
choanae
inside each naris, in the anterior part of the nasal cavity, it has a region called _____?
vestibule
It is lined with stratified squamous epithelium
vestibule
floor of the nasal cavity which separates it from the oral cavity in the mouth is called _______?
hard palate
It is formed by the palatine process of the maxillae and the palatine bone
hard palate
T or F
The nasal cavity is divided into right and left halves, two halves are separated by a wall of tissue called nasal septum.
True
Anterior part of nasal septum composed of _________?
cartilage
Posterior part of nasal septum consists of _________?
vomer bone and perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
each side of nasal cavity has three lateral bony ridges called_______?
conchae
the air passes through tunnels is called_____?
meatus
within the superior and middle meatuses are openings from the various_____?
paranasal sinuses
each inferior meatus also contains the opening of a_____
nasolacrimal duct
commonly referred to as a sinus infection, inflammation of sinus mucous membranes and paranasal sinuses
sinusitis
common opening of both digestive and respiratory systems.
pharynx / throat
receives air from the nasal cavity and receives air, food, and drink from the oral cavity
pharynx
T or F
There are three regions of pharynx: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
True
most superior portion of the pharynx, posterior to the nasal cavity
nasopharynx
The nasopharynx is superior to the _____?
soft palate
an incomplete partition composed of muscle and connective tissue
soft palate
extension of the soft palate is called ?
uvula
T or F
The nasopharynx is lined with a mucous membrane that traps debris such as dust and microbes
True
middle portion of the pharynx, it is the continuation of the nasopharynx
oropharynx
joins the mouth’s oral cavity and the oropharynx
fauces
continuation of the oropharynx, spans the posterior length of the larynx from the superior larynx structure, epiglottis, and esophagus
laryngopharynx
commonly known as the voice box, it is located in the anterior part of the laryngopharynx
larynx
largest cartilage, it is a single shield shaped piece of cartilage which is known as the Adam’s apple
thyroid cartilage
forms the base of the larynx, it is a single piece of cartilage upon which the other cartilages rest
cricoid cartilage
single piece of cartilage that is attached to the thyroid cartilage and projects superiorly
epiglottis
T or F
Epiglottis is unique among the larynx’s cartilages, because it is a freely movable flap and constructed of elastic cartilage rather than hyaline cartilage
True
paired __________ articulate with the superior border on the cricoid cartilage
arytenoid cartilages
paired __________ are attached to the superior tips of the arytenoid cartilages
corniculate cartilages
paired __________ are contained in a mucous membrane anterior to the corniculate cartilages
cuneiform cartilages
T or F
The vestibular folds or false vocal cords are the superior pair of ligaments that extent from the anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage to posterior surface of thyroid cartilage.
True
T or F
The vocals folds or true vocal cords are the inferior ligaments
True
At the junction of the vocal folds is an opening; this opening is called ________?
glottis
If the vocal folds become inflamed, and the person loses his/her voice, it is called
laryngitis
commonly known as the windpipe, it allows air to flow into the lungs
trachea
Trachea is reinforced with 15-20 C-shaped pieces of hyaline cartilage called?
tracheal rings
T or F
The smooth muscle called trachealis muscle, can narrow the diameter of the trachea by contracting, which aids in coughing.
True
T or F
The trachea divides to form two smaller tubes called main bronchi or primary bronchi, each of which extends to a lung.
True
At the location where the trachea divides into the two main bronchi is a ridge of cartilage called?
carina
T or F
The carina is an important landmark for reading x-rays
True
consists of the trachea and network of air tubes in the lungs
tracheobronchial
arise directly from the main bronchi, also known as secondary bronchi
lobar bronchi
