Haney (1973) Flashcards
What year did the study take place?
1973
What was the aim of the study?
To create a mock prison that was a representation of a real prison. Using role-playing participants.
What was the sample number?
24 male college students
What was the IV?
The role of the prisoner or guard, allocated randomly by the toss of a coin
What was the DV?
The behaviour of prisoners and guards
How were the DVs assessed?
Direct observations using audio and video recordings.
Self-report through questionnaires, post-experimental interviews, daily guard reports, personality tests, mood inventories
How was the sample gathered?
Volunteers were found through a newspaper advertisement in Palo Alto Times and The Stanford Daily.
State an ‘individual differences’ result
Some guards were fair and passive, whereas others made prisoners clean toilets with bare hands or waking prisoners up during night.
Prisoners become ‘ill’ to cope or were very obedient.
In general what were the results?
Prisoners expressed more intentions to harm others.
Guards and prisoners showed more negative feelings towards each other and themselves.
What were the reactions of prisoners?
5 prisoners were released early due to emotional distress.
One had a psychosomatic rash which appeared as early as second day.
How long did the experiment last?
The experiment was terminated early, after 6 days - despite the intention to continue for two weeks.
What were the behaviour of the guards like?
Guards were prevented from using physical abuse - but experts see aggression verbally.
The guards seemed distressed after the study finished. One said he was upset at the suffering of the prisoners.
None of them failed to turn up for work on time and often remained on duty for extra hours without extra pay
What is the method used?
- Lab experiment
* Independent measures design
What were the uniforms of the prisoners like?
Loose-fitting Muslin smocks to be emasculating.
Identification numbers were out on front and back of smock.
Light chain on ankle and nylon stocking as a hat.
What were the uniform for guards like?
Khaki shirts and trousers to convey military attitude.
Whistle and police night stick as a symbol of power.
Reflective sunglasses
