Handwashing Flashcards
includes procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms including pathogens and spores from an area or object
surgical asepsis/sterile technique
types of infectious agents
bacteria
virus
fungi
protozoa
made up of one cell, can be round, long and thin, or spiral-shaped, multiply by simple division
bacteria
the power or frequency of a pathogen to produce a disease
virulence
factors affecting virulence
strength of the pathogen to adhere to healthy cells
ability to damage the body’s normal defenses
ability to attack WBC
We use ___ to break the chain of infection.
basic aseptic technique
the degree or which a person can most likely be infected
susceptibility
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neisseria gonorrhea
bacteria
the ability of a microorganism to produce a disease
pathogenicity
cycle of infection
infectious agent susceptible host portal of entry means of transmission portal of exit reservoirs
a person who lacks resistance to an agent and is thus considered vulnerable to the disease
susceptible host
Tinea capitis, corporis, flava, candidiasis, thrush, diaper rash
fungi
portals of exit
respiratory tract gastrointestinal tract genitourinary tract reproductive tract skin and mucous membranes blood
body’s defenses
normal defense mechanism
normal flora
inflammatory responses
immune responses
the potential for microorganisms to cause disease depends on the following:
sufficient number of microorganisms
virulence
ability to enter and survive in the host
susceptibility of the host
Rubeola, Rubella, Varicella-Zoster, Hepatitis A, B, C, HIV, Rhinovirus
viruses
goal of handwashing
to remove transient microorganisms that might be transmitted to the health worker, clients, visitors, or other healthcare personnel
a person, whose normal defense mechanisms are impaired and is thus susceptible to infection
compromised host
non-pathogenic, usually cause disease to those who are immunocompromised
fungi
Malaria, Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica
protozoa
common sources of reservoir
human body plants animals/insects environment food water feces
microorganisms that are considered permanent residents in the person’s body
resident flora
factors that influence susceptibility and severity of infection
age stress current diseases and medical therapy lifestyle nutritional status occupation hereditary
portals of entry
skin respiratory tract genitourinary tract gastrointestinal tract circulatory system transplacental
includes procedures used to reduce and prevent the spread of microorganisms
medical asepsis/clean technique
microorganisms that are obtained by contact with another person or contaminated objects
transient flora
live only inside cells, cannot get nourishment or reproduce outside the cell, self-limiting
viruses
single-celled microorganisms, many of these benefit man by feeding on bacteria, others are parasitic to humans and animals and cause serious diseases
protozoa
5 Fs
fingers food flies fomites feces
modes of transmission
contact transmission
droplet
airborne
vector
types of contact transmission
direct
indirect
a place where a pathogen can survive but may or may not multiply
reservoir
the entry and multiplication of an infectious agent in the tissues of the host
infection
a disease-producing microorganism or infectious agent
pathogen
considered one of the most effective infection control measures
handwashing
Lactobacillus acidophilus, Proprionibacterium Lactobacillus
resident flora
hands shall be held down (below elbows) when they are soiled with body substances and during routine handwashing so that the microorganisms are washed directly into the sink
medical asepsis
hands should be held above the elbows so that the water runs from the cleanest to the least clean area
surgical asepsis
abbreviated handwashing procedure
wash well above the wrist (washing up to elbows is not usually necssary)
do not clean nails routinely
lather and rinse once instead of twice
protecting a susceptible host
isolation precaution
proper nutrition and adequate food intake
exercise
immunization
standard precaution for infection
wash hands clean gloves mask, eye protection or face shield clean nonsterile gown handle contaminated equipment carefully prevent injuries from used equipment
the absence of pathogenic (disease-producing) microorganisms
asepsis
practices that keep a client as free from microorganisms as possible
aseptic technique
most inexpensive way to good health
handwashing
ways through which microorganisms spread
air currents
transferred from one surface to another
move from one object to another as a result of gravity
droplet nuclei
slowly on dry surfaces; quickly through moisture
types of asepsis
medical asepsis/clean technique
surgical asepsis/sterile technique
