Handorf Lectures

Question 1

Facts of lung?

Answer 1

R bronchus is more vertical - aspiration
dual blood supply - red infarct
Pore of Kohn - holes in alveoli
Fetuses breathe w/ placenta, more blood in base

Question 2

Lobar overinflation emphysema?

Answer 2

unusual lobar distribution, airtrapping from cartilage deficiency

Question 3

Pulmonary sequestration

Answer 3

no airway connection to tree. Intra leads to recurrent infxns and extra leads to mass lesions

Question 4

What are the 2 types of reversible atelectasis?

Answer 4

resorption and compression, contraction is not.

Question 5

Smoking causes what type of emphysema?

Answer 5

centrilobular - affects respiratory bronchioles

Question 6

What is panlobar emphysema?

Answer 6

Alpha 1 AT deficiency - affects peripheral structures then respiratory bronchioles

Question 7

Bronchial Asthma

Answer 7

hyperreactive airways, episodic reversible bronchoconstriction, SM hyperplasia and hypertrophy, submucosal gland expansion, thickened BM fibrosis

Question 8

Sarcoidosis?

Answer 8

HLA and BTNL2

Question 9

HSR pneumonitis

Answer 9

has granulomas as well as berryliosis

Question 10

Bacterial pneumonia - lobar. 4 stages?

Answer 10

1. congestion
2. red hepatization
3. grey hepatization
4. resolution

Question 11

Klebsiella?

Answer 11

currant jelly sputum, gram negative

Question 12

Pulmonary abscess?

Answer 12

local suppartive process w/ necrosis of lung tissue –> copious amounts of foul smelling sputum

Question 13

Pulmonary aspiration?

Answer 13

EtOH and anesthesia

Question 14

Aspergillus likes to invade what?

Answer 14

blood vessels

Question 15

PcP?

Answer 15

honeycomb exduate (intraalveolar exudate)

Question 16

Adenocarcinoma

Answer 16

women, peripheral, bronchial derived scar = desmoplasmia

Question 17

Adenocarcinoma in situ?

Answer 17

multifocal, bilateral, intrabronchial spread, less correlated w/ smoking, lepidic growth

Question 18

Squamous cell

Answer 18

old men, central, squamous metaplasia, keratin pearls and intercellular bridges, high Ca

Question 19

Small cell

Answer 19

blue, neuroendocrine, spreads more frequently, smokes, responsive to chemo, mold, hardly any cytoplasm, paraneoplasitc

Question 20

Carcinoid tumor

Answer 20

nest/cords of small round uniform cells, symptoms produced by systemic effects of vasoactive substances produced by the tumor, ribbon like arrangement

Question 21

Pleural mesothelioma

Answer 21

biphasic - center is glandlike, and periphery is masses of spindle like cells, compression atelectasis