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handling + restraint of animals Flashcards

1
Q

any vertebrate animal produced for or used in research, testing or education

A

laboratory animals

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2
Q

most commonly used laboratory animal

A

mouse

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3
Q

reasons why mouse is the most genetically and biologically characterized mammal in the world

A
  • over 95% similar to genetic composition of humans
  • same anatomic and physiological processes as humans
  • safer to use compared to other animals
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4
Q

considered to be the best model of inherited human diseases due to their 95% similarity with human genome

A

albino mice

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5
Q

scientific name of albino mice

A

Mus musculus albinus

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6
Q

also one of the most commonly used lab animals; has harder genetic manipulation compared to albino mice

A

rats

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7
Q

scientific name of rats

A

Rattus norvegicus

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8
Q

areas where rats are widely used

A
  • physiology
  • toxicology
  • cancer research
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9
Q

scientific name of rabbits

A

Oryctolagus cuniculus

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10
Q

commonly used in eye irritant testing due to their 1) less tears flow and 2) lack of pigment in the eye (red eye) = easier to visualize results

A

rabbits (esp. albino rabbits)

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11
Q

animals that is also used in production of polyclonal antibodies

A

rabbits

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12
Q

commonly used in neurological researches

A

cats

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13
Q

scientific name of cats

A
  • Felis catus
  • Felis silvestris catus
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14
Q

widely used in terms of biomedical research testing and education especially the spp. beagles because they are gentle and easy to handle

A

dogs

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15
Q

scientific name of dogs

A

Canis lupus familiaris

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16
Q

dogs are used as models for human diseases such as in

A
  • cardiology
  • endocrinology
  • bone and joint studies
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17
Q

proper care, use and humane treatment of laboratory animals

A

animal use

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18
Q

actions taken to ensure that laboratory animals are treated according to ethical and scientific standards

A

humane care

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19
Q

manual or mechanical means to limit some or all of an animal’s movement

A

physical restraint

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20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

there are only 2 types of human cancer that also occurs on animals

A

false

there are 3 types of human cancer that also occurs on animals

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21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

animal research is one of the central pillar of drug development – it is vital to build scientific knowledge and clinical trials

A

true

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22
Q

what are the 3R for care and use of animals that were introduced by the animal committee and drug developers?

A
  • replace
  • reduce
  • refine
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23
Q

any activity which entails manipulation of animals for various purposes

A

scientific procedures

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24
Q

interfering with the normal physiological, behavioral or anatomical integrity of the animal

A

animal manipulation

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25
Q

3 biosafety practices in animal handling

A
  1. safety to the staff/handler
  2. decontamination
  3. safe waste disposal
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26
Q

it is the removal or marked reduction in the number of activities of microorganisms

A

decontamination

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27
Q

destroying or killing all microbial life

A

sterilization

28
Q

eliminating pathogenic microorganisms or disease-causing microorganisms

A

disinfection

29
Q

6 types of biohazardous waste

A
  1. human blood and blood products
  2. human body fluids
  3. microbiological waste
  4. pathological waste
  5. animal waste
  6. sharps waste
30
Q

biosafety level with low individual and community risk

A

level 1

31
Q

biosafety level with moderate individual risk, limited community risk

A

level 2

32
Q

biosafety level with high individual risk, low community risk

A

level 3

33
Q

biosafety level with high individual risk, high community risk

A

level 4

34
Q

this level is unlikely to cause disease in healthy workers or animals

A

level 1

35
Q

this level can cause human or animal disease but, under normal circumstances, are unlikely to be a serious hazard

A

level 2

36
Q

this level usually cause serious human or animal disease, or can result in serious economic consequences, but do not ordinarily spread by casual contact

A

level 3

37
Q

this level usually produce very serious human or animal disease, often untreatable, and may be readily transmitted

A

level 4

38
Q

Animal Welfare Act of 1998

A

Republic Act No. 8485 - AN ACT TO PROMOTE ANIMAL WELFARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

39
Q

RULES AND REGULATIONS ON THE CONDUCT OF SCIENTIFIC PROCEDURES USING
ANIMALS

A

Administrative Order No. 40, s. of 1999

40
Q

8 techniques in animal handling

A
  1. quarantine
  2. health monitoring
  3. gender determination
  4. animal identification methods
  5. husbandry
  6. handling and restraint
  7. anesthesia and analgesia
  8. euthanasia
41
Q

how long does animal quarantine usually lasts?

A

3-7 days

42
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

male mice has longer distance between the anus and urinary papilla compared to female

A

true

43
Q

what percentage of alcohol is acceptable in dyeing animal fur as identification?

A

70%

43
Q

5 methods of animal identification

A
  1. ear tags
  2. ear notchinf
  3. ear tattoos
  4. implantable chips
  5. fur dyes
44
Q

examples of approved coloring agents for fur dyeing

A
  • picric acid
  • 3-5% carbol fuchsin
  • methyl or gentian violet
  • malachite green
45
Q

husbandry is also called

A

“animal breeding”

46
Q

albinos are _____ which means they need about 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness each day

A

diurnal

47
Q

animals should be kept in rooms with the temperature set at about _____ and humidity at _____

A

25°C ; 50%

48
Q

accredited/certified animal breeders in the Philippines

A
  1. UP National Institute of Health
  2. Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM)
  3. Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
  4. Food and Drugs Administration (FDA)
  5. St. Luke’s Medical Center, Research and Biotechnology Division (RBD)
49
Q

how often does an animal bedding should be changed?

A

2-3 times a week

50
Q

euthanasia is also called

A

“mercy killing”

51
Q

the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals (as persons or domestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy

A

euthanasia

52
Q

euthanasia came from which greek words

A

“eu” = “well” or “good”
“thanatos” = “death”

53
Q

loss of feeling or sensation; often accompanied by unconsciousness

A

anesthesia

54
Q

loss of sensitivity to painful stimulation without loss of consciousness

A

analgesia

55
Q

manual methods of performing euthanasia

A
  1. cervical dislocation
  2. decapitation
  3. bilateral thoracotomy
  4. vital tissue harvest
  5. continued exposure to carbon dioxide for at least 15 min. after respiratory arrest
56
Q

other acceptable methods of euthanasia

A
  1. overdose of chemical anesthetics (2-3 times the dose)
  2. overdose to isoflurane
  3. carbon dioxide exposure
  4. barbiturate overdose
  5. focused microwave irradiation
57
Q

how to avoid animal bites?

A
  • learn how to handle and restraint animals
  • wear proper PPE
  • have enough knowledge about animal behaviors
58
Q

the most common disease associated with animal bites

A

tetanus (Clostridium tetani)

59
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

if bitten, DO NOT attempt to pull the animal or shake it off when it retains its grip

A

true

60
Q

percentage of occurence of laboratory animal allergies

A

10-40%

61
Q

common prevention of laboratory animal allergies

A

have a filter on top of the animal cage

62
Q

disease that came from Streptobacillus moniliformis

A

rat bite fever

63
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

rat bite fever is no longer common today because it can now be easily manipulated

A

true

64
Q

tularemia is also known as

A

“rabbit fever”

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