Handbook of Tactics Ch 9-11 Flashcards
Definition of ventilation
The process of removing toxic products of combustion and replacing them with fresh air.
What are the two reasons for performing ventilation?
- Venting for fire
2. Venting for life
Venting for fire must be ________ while venting for life should begin _________.
Coordinated;
As soon as possible
Horizontal ventilation for a life hazard must be coupled with___________.
An immediate rescue effort
What is the most important concept to remember when discussing ventilation?
It must be of sufficient volume to win the battle with the fire.
According to Norman, what is the most suitable type of ventilation for most house fires?
Window venting
When should the attack team give the word to take the glass?
Just before opening the nozzle.
When you encounter energy-efficient windows, when should window venting take place?
As soon as possible, while the attack team is in a safe place, preferably behind a closed door.
What is the best venting option for minor to moderate fires, like a mattress fire?
Horizontal ventilation
According to Norman, what is the best venting option on private dwelling peaked roofs?
Vent the gable end or dormer windows.
T or F, When you vent windows, conditions will probably worsen before they get better.
True
Natural ventilation
The ventilation that occurs when you open doors and windows.
3 types of mechanical ventilation?
Portable fans, hoselines, or building ventilation systems.
What is the proper stream shape and distance for hydraulic ventilation?
30 deg fog, 6-8 ft from window. If practical, keep fire between the fire and the vent point.
What is churning?
When a using a fan for negative-pressure ventilation, if there is a gap around the fan, some air from the outside is drawn into the building to be blown back out.
Positive-pressure ventilation can move almost ________ as much as negative-pressure.
Twice
When using PPV, you must provide an ________ for the smoke.
Outlet
How far is the fan set from the door when using PPV?
8-12 ft
Mattresses, stuffed chairs, and sprinkler-controlled fires are all candidates for ____.
PPV
What is the most serious drawback of PPV?
The danger of fanning a smoldering fire into a serious conflagration.
What is the problem with using VES and PPV concurrently?
PPV mustn’t be used if firefighters are entering the building from any points other than where the fan is operating.
What is a basic tenet for an interior firefighter’s search for a life hazard?
Vent as you move, provided the fire won’t be extended by the venting.
What 6 factors must be considered when using PPV?
- LIFE hazard
- EXTENT of the fire
- Availability of HOSELINES
- Degree of CONFINEMENT
- ENVIRONMENTAL factors
- Available EQUIPMENT and power supply
Mushroom effect
When heated gas is restrained from rising and spreads horizontally.