Handbook of Fx

Question 1

Ankle Brachial Index cutoff, test

Answer 1

< 0.9, angiogram

Question 2

Open Fx classification

Answer 2

Gustilo and Anderson, Tscherne

Question 3

G&A 1

Answer 3

Skin open < 1cm, minimal muscle contusion, simple transverse/short oblique Fx

Question 4

G&A 2

Answer 4

Lac >1cm, extensive soft tissue damage, mild-moderate crush, transverse/short oblique Fx minimal comminution

Question 5

G&A 3-subclass

Answer 5

extensive soft tissue damage w/muscles and neurovascular, severe crushing high energy (A,B,C)
A-bone is covered, B-bone not covered, C-B+neurovascular comprimise

Question 6

Antibiotics for open Fx

Answer 6

1&2-1st gen Ceph, 3-add aminoglycoside, farm-same+penicillin

Question 7

muscle viability factors

Answer 7

color(beefy red), consistency(firm), bleeding(capable of bleeding), contractility(upon pinch/low cautery)

Question 8

3 spine columns & contents

Answer 8

anterior-1/2+ALL, middle-1/2+PLL, posterior-facets, processes

Question 9

classification for clavicle fractures

Answer 9

allman

Question 10

clavicle fracture categories

Answer 10

middle 1/3, distal 1/3, proximal 1/3

Question 11

distal 1/3 clavicle fracture types

Answer 11

I-minimal displace, II-displaced+medial to CC ligaments(a-conoid/trapezoid attached, b-conoid torn), III-AC joint surface Fx

Question 12

operative indications-clavicle Fx

Answer 12

unstable medial clavicle, posterior displaced Fx, 100% displacement, open Fx

Question 13

bankart lesion

Answer 13

anteroinferior labrum avulsion off glenoid rim.

Question 14

bony bankart

Answer 14

associated glenoid rim Fx

Question 15

hill sachs lesion

Answer 15

posterolateral head of humerus impression Fx (from anterior dislocations)

Question 16

HAGL

Answer 16

humeral avulsion of glenohumeral ligaments- tearing of capsule from humerus

Question 17

Directional pull on greater tuberosity

Answer 17

superior+posterior from supraspinatus+external rotators

Question 18

Lesser tuberosity directional pull

Answer 18

medial-subscapularis

Question 19

Humeral shaft directional pull

Answer 19

medial-pec major

Question 20

humeral head/proximal fragment directional pull

Answer 20

abduction-deltoid

Question 21

proximal humerus Fx classification

Answer 21

Neers

Question 22

4 parts of proximal humerus

Answer 22

greater tuberosity, lesser tuberosity, humeral shaft, humeral head.

Question 23

Anatomic neck of humerus Fx treatment

Answer 23

hemiarthroplasty vs ORIF

Question 24

surgical neck of humerus Fx Tx

Answer 24

perc pinning/screws

Question 25

greater tuberosity of humerus Fx Tx

Answer 25

IF >5 mm displaced-ORIF+ or - cuff repair

Question 26

3 and 4 part proximal humerus Fx Txq

Answer 26

ORIF vs hemiarthroplasty

Question 27

holstein lewis Fx

Answer 27

Distal 1/3 of humerus w/ radial nerve entrapment

Question 28

Humeral shaft Fx tolerances

Answer 28

20 degrees anterior, 30 degrees varus, 3 cm bayonet apposition

Question 29

circle of hori injury& progression

Answer 29

elbow dislocation- lateral to medial ligamentous injury

Question 30

“terrible triad of elbow”

Answer 30

radial head Fx, coronoid Fx, elbow dislocation

Question 31

radial head Fx classification

Answer 31

mason

Question 32

Mason 1-4

Answer 32

1-nonD, 2-displaced marginal Fx, 3-comminuted Fx, 4-associated elbow dislocation

Question 33

proximal ulna Fx with associated radial head dislocation

Answer 33

monteggia

Question 34

monteggia classification

Answer 34

Bado

Question 35

Bado classification 1-4

Answer 35

1-anterior dislocation+Fx angulation, 2 posterior dislocation+angulation, 3-lateral dislocation w/ metaphyseal Fx, 4-1+radial shaft Fx

Question 36

Bado mechanisms of injury

Answer 36

1-pronation, 2-flexed axial load, 3-forced abduction, 4-1+radial shaft fails

Question 37

galeazzi Fx

Answer 37

middle/distal 1/3 junction Fx of radius+DRUJ disrupt

Question 38

normal radiographic measurements of distal radius

Answer 38

11 degrees volar tilt, 11 mm length, 23 degrees inclination

Question 39

colles Fx classification, mechanism

Answer 39

frykman-