Hand X -rays Flashcards
Anatomy of the Hand
-phalanges (fingers)
-metacarpals (knuckles)
-carpals (wrist)
-sesamoids (on Thumb)
Carpals
Wrist bones
8 irrregular shaped bones
Organised in two rows - proximal and distal
Included in hand X-ray to ensure Metacarpals are fully visualed
So Long To Pinky Here Comes Thumb
Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum hamate capture trapezoid and trapezium
Metacarpals
Articulate with the carpal bones proximally and phalanges distally
Metacarpals are numbered to associate with fingers
1-5
How many MC ?
What are the 3 parts of MC ?
5 MC in one hand
3 parts of MC:
Head of MC - rounded at distal end
Body of MC - shaft is long medial and lateral surfaces are concave
Base of MC - flat concave at proximal end
Styloid process on 3rd MC
Types of Hand x-ray projections
Dorsi palmar (DP)
- flat
- fingers extended
Oblique
-externally rotated to 45 degrees
-fingers extended
Lateral
-rotated to 90 degrees
-thumb away from MCs
SID for hand DP/Lateral/oblique
100/110cm
Do you use grid or Bucky?
NO
Detector size and orientation for hand x-ray
24cm x 30cm
Portrait
Centring point for hand x ray
Perpendicular to detector
Over 3rd MC head
(Oblique- centre to 5th MC head and angle to 3rd)
Collimation for hand x ray
Top of fingers to wrist
Focal spot
Equal to or less than 1.3mm
Exposure factors for hand x ray
60kV
2.0mAs
Finger joints
Interphalangeal joints which can be distal or proximal
Metacarpal phalangeal joints
Finger x ray projections
Dorsi Parmar or lateral finger
Thumb anatomy
Distal an proximal phalanges
No middle phalanges
Jpimts
-Interphalanegal joint
-no proximal or distal joints
