Hand washing Flashcards
observed higher mortality rate on women giving birth
1846 - Ignaz Semmelweis
caused by “cadaverous particles” transmitted via the hands of students
and physicians
Puerperal fever
insisted that students and physicians clean their hands between each patient in the
clinic.
1847
Results showed reduction in the number of mortality rate
18%-1%
up by contact with other people, objects or the environment and do
not survive indefinitely on the hands (Maurer, 1991). These organisms have the potential to do
harm as they have the ability to survive long enough to be transferred to others.
Transient Flora
e persistently present as part of the individuals own flora, normal flora. They
cannot be permanently removed.
Resident Flora
Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus
Skin
one of the most effective method of preventing and controlling transmission of infection
Hand Hygiene
recommends that HCP should not wear artificial fingernails or extensions
CDC
4 techniques of hand hygiene
1.handwashing
2.antiseptic hand
wash
3. alcohol based hand rub
4. surgical hand antisepsis
washing hands with plain soap and water. It remains a sensible strategy for hand
hygiene in non-healthcare settings
Handwashing
Washing hands with water and soap or other detergents containing an
antiseptic agent
Antiseptic handwash
is an alcohol- containing preparation applied to the hands
Alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR)
is an antiseptic handwash or antiseptic handrub performed
preoperatively by surgical personnel
Surgical hand antisepsis
Surface as small as a pinhead may contain up to
10 million bacteria
Bacteria can double their number in
20 minutes
Survival of germs in hands
2-60 minutes
Proper hand hygiene can eliminate how many percent of germs?
90% of germs
Wet hands spread how many bacteria?
60, 400 bacteria
dry hands spread how many bacteria?
200 bacteria
> To reduce the number of microorganisms on the hands.
To reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms to clients.
To reduce the risk of cross-contamination among clients.
To reduce the risk of transmission of infectious organisms to oneself.
Purpose of Hand Hygiene
When is hand washing done?
> Before eating
* After use of bedpan/toilet
* After the hands have come in contact with any body substance
* After hands have come in contact with any unclean surface/object
* For healthcare workers, before and after giving care
Based on CDC, when should we wash our hands?
When should you wash your hands?
Before, during, and after preparing food
Before eating food
Before and after caring for someone who is sick
Before and after treating a cut or wound
After using the toilet
After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet
After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing
After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste
After touching garbage
5 moments of hand washing
- before touching a patient
- before performing clean/aseptic procedures
- after body fluid exposure/risk
- after touching a patient
- after touching patient surroundings.
what are the Active Ingredients?
- Alcohol - Ethyl, isopropanol, or n-propanol 60-90% concentration
- Chlorhexidine 0.5 – 4% concentration
- Povidone Iodine 7.5 – 10% concentration
- Other active ingredients
* Quartenary ammonium compounds
*Hexachlorophene
* Cloroxylenol
* Triclosan
Plays an important role in determining tolerability of hand hygiene products
* Preservatives
* Dyes
* Fragrances
Inactive Ingredients
- Reduces cross-contamination by multiple user
- Control the amount product delivered
- Electronic / infrared sensors dispenses product
No-touch dispensers
Dependent on the pressure
Manual Dispensers
- Within easy reach during patient care activities
- Personal carriage
Small volume carried or worn by HCW
Point of care dispensers
> Located at patient care
* Mounted on hospital bed or wall or fixed to mobile patient care devices
Wall mounted within patient zone
What are Common types of faucet?
- Hand-operated faucet
- Foot- pedal faucet control
- Infrared Control
